1
0
mirror of https://github.com/taigrr/arduinolibs synced 2025-01-18 04:33:12 -08:00
arduinolibs/doc/alarm-clock.dox
2012-05-13 15:40:59 +10:00

87 lines
4.2 KiB
Plaintext

/*
* Copyright (C) 2012 Southern Storm Software, Pty Ltd.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
* in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
/**
\file alarm-clock.dox
\page alarm_clock Wind-Up Alarm Clock
\section clock_power Power supply
This section describes the power supply for the wind-up alarm clock,
which consists of a hand-cranked dynamo, a 3.6 volt NiMH battery, and a
charge pump DC-to-DC converter to boost the voltage up to 5 volts.
Here is the circuit:
\image html dynamo_power_supply.png
The dynamo must be based on a DC motor rather than AC (bicycle light dynamos
are typically AC). If you are using an AC dynamo, then replace D1 with a
full 4-diode rectifier bridge to convert the AC into DC first.
In Australia, <a href="http://www.jaycar.com.au">Jaycar</a> sells a suitable
<a href="http://www.jaycar.com.au/productView.asp?ID=MD7000">DC dynamo</a>.
Diode D1 stops the voltage in the battery from flowing backwards into
the motor. If you hook things up the wrong way around, then the motor
will spin without being cranked! In this case, reverse the + and - leads
on the dynamo and try again.
After D1, the main energy storage for the circuit is the 3.6 volt NiMH
battery (at least 1000 mAh capacity). These are commonly used in
cordless phones and can be obtained from most consumer electronics stores:
\image html battery.jpg
The main part of the circuit is next, consisting of a MAX619 regulated 5 volt
charge pump DC-to-DC converter chip. This chip boosts an input voltage of
between 2 and 3.6 volts up to 5 volts and regulates it into a nice flat
supply for the rest of the alarm clock.
Note: the MAX619 has a maximum rating of 3.6 volts, but when the dynamo is
being cranked rapidly the voltage at the cathode of D1 can spike to 4 volts
or more. The battery is fine with this for short periods of time,
but the MAX619 won't be happy. Hence the forward voltage drop on D2
is used to drop the supply down by 0.7 volts which will keep it within
the MAX619's input range.
For normal uncranked operation the battery will need to be between 2.7 and
3.6 volts. If it falls below 2.7, then the battery is considered "empty".
A diode with a smaller voltage drop can be substituted for D2 for longer
operation times as long as the maximum dynamo output minus the voltage
drop is less than or equal to 3.6 volts. The "Sense Battery Status" output
is hooked up to an analog input pin on the Arduino to let it monitor
the battery voltage and display the current status to the user.
\section clock_arduino_board Arduino board
Because we want to keep power consumption low, we actually don't want a full
Arduino Uno or similar board. The USB interface is unnecessary, as is the
on-board power supply. We also don't want the power and D13 status LED's
to be draining power. Therefore, a cut-down version of the Arduino is
recommended. We used the <a href="http://www.freetronics.com/collections/arduino/products/kitten">KitTen</a>
kit from <a href="http://www.freetronics.com/">Freetronics</a>, and didn't
solder up anything that wasn't strictly necessary. A
<a href="http://www.freetronics.com/ftdi-cable">5v FTDI USB-to-Serial cable</a>
is necessary for programming. Similar minimalistic built-it-yourself
Arduino designs should also work.
*/