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Introduction
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What's New in 2.0
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What is NATS
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Subject-Based Messaging
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Publish-Subscribe
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Request-Reply
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Queue Groups
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Acknowledgements
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Sequence Numbers
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Introduction
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Connecting
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Connecting to the Default Server
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Connecting to a Specific Server
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Connecting to a Cluster
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Setting a Connect Timeout
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Ping/Pong Protocol
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Controlling the Client/Server Protocol
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Turning Off Echo'd Messages
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Automatic Reconnections
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Disabling Reconnect
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Set the Number of Reconnect Attempts
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Pausing Between Reconnect Attempts
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Avoiding the Thundering Herd
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Listening for Reconnect Events
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Buffering Messages During Reconnect Attempts
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Securing Connections
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Authenticating with a User and Password
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Authenticating with a Token
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Authenticating with an NKey
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Authenticating with a Credentials File
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Encrypting Connections with TLS
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Receiving Messages
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Synchronous Subscriptions
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Asynchronous Subscriptions
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Unsubscribing
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Unsubscribing After N Messages
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Replying to a Message
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Wildcard Subscriptions
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Queue Subscriptions
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Draining Messages Before Disconnect
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Structured Data
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Sending Messages
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Including a Reply Subject
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Request-Reply Semantics
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Caches, Flush and Ping
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Sending Structured Data
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Monitoring the Connection
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Listen for Connection Events
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Slow Consumers
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Tutorials
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Explore NATS Pub/Sub
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Explore NATS Request/Reply
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Explore NATS Queueing
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Advanced Connect and Custom Dialer in Go
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Installing
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Running
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Window Service
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Clients
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Flags
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Configuration
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Securing NATS
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Enabling TLS
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Authentication
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Tokens
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Username/Password
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TLS Authentication
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NKeys
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Accounts
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JWTs
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Authentication Timeout
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Authorization
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Clustering
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<a href="../nats_server/cluster_config.html">
Configuration
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TLS Authentication
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Gateways
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<a href="../gateways/gateway.html">
Configuration
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Leaf Nodes
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Configuration
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<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../nats_server/logging.html">
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Logging
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Monitoring
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<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../nats_admin/">
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Managing A NATS Server
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<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../nats_admin/upgrading_cluster.html">
<a href="../nats_admin/upgrading_cluster.html">
Upgrading a Cluster
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</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../nats_admin/slow_consumers.html">
<a href="../nats_admin/slow_consumers.html">
Slow Consumers
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Signals
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System Accounts
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<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.4.1" data-path="../sys_accounts/sys_accounts.html">
<a href="../sys_accounts/sys_accounts.html">
Configuration
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</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7" data-path="../nats_docker/">
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NATS and Docker
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<a href="../nats_docker/nats-docker-tutorial.html">
Tutorial
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<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.2" data-path="../nats_docker/docker_swarm.html">
<a href="../nats_docker/docker_swarm.html">
Docker Swarm
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<li class="header">NATS Tools</li>
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<a href="../nats_tools/mkpasswd.html">
mkpasswd
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</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="../nats_tools/nk.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nk.html">
nk
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<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/">
nsc
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<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/nsc.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/nsc.html">
Basics
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/streams.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/streams.html">
Streams
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.3" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/services.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/services.html">
Services
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</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.4" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/signing_keys.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/signing_keys.html">
Signing Keys
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.5" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/revocation.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/revocation.html">
Revocation
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</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.6" data-path="../nats_tools/nsc/managed.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nsc/managed.html">
Managed Operators
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="../nats_tools/nas/">
<a href="../nats_tools/nas/">
nats-account-server
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="../nats_tools/nas/nas_conf.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nas/nas_conf.html">
Basics
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="../nats_tools/nas/inspecting_jwts.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nas/inspecting_jwts.html">
Inspecting JWTs
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="../nats_tools/nas/dir_store.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nas/dir_store.html">
Directory Store
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="../nats_tools/nas/notifications.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nas/notifications.html">
Update Notifications
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="../nats_tools/nas/mem_resolver.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nas/mem_resolver.html">
Memory Resolver
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="../nats_tools/nats_top/">
<a href="../nats_tools/nats_top/">
nats-top
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="../nats_tools/nats_top/nats-top-tutorial.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/nats_top/nats-top-tutorial.html">
Tutorial
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="../nats_tools/natsbench.html">
<a href="../nats_tools/natsbench.html">
nats-bench
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">NATS Streaming Concepts</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="intro.html">
<a href="intro.html">
Introduction
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="relation-to-nats.html">
<a href="relation-to-nats.html">
Relation to NATS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="client-connections.html">
<a href="client-connections.html">
Client Connections
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="channels/channels.html">
<a href="channels/channels.html">
Channels
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<h1 id="store-encryption"><a name="store-encryption" class="plugin-anchor" href="#store-encryption"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>Store Encryption</h1>
<p>The server can be configured to encrypt a message&apos;s payload when storing them, providing encryption at rest. This can be done from the command line or from the configuration file. Check <code>encrypt</code> and <code>encryption_key</code> in the <a href="#configuring">Configuring</a> section.</p>
<p>It is recommended to provide the encryption key through the environment variable <code>NATS_STREAMING_ENCRYPTION_KEY</code> instead of <code>encryption_key</code>. If encryption is enabled and <code>NATS_STREAMING_ENCRYPTION_KEY</code> is found, this will take precedence over <code>encryption_key</code> value.</p>
<p>You can pass this from the command line this way:</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>$ env NATS_STREAMING_ENCRYPTION_KEY=&quot;mykey&quot; nats-streaming-server -store file -dir datastore -encrypt
</code></pre><p>We currently support two ciphers for encryption: <a href="https://godoc.org/crypto/aes" target="_blank">AES</a> and <a href="https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/crypto/chacha20poly1305" target="_blank">CHACHA</a>.
The default selected cipher depends on the platform. For ARM, we use <code>CHACHA</code>, otherwise we default to <code>AES</code>. You can always override that decision by explicitly specifying the cipher like this:</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>$ env NATS_STREAMING_ENCRYPTION_KEY=&quot;mykey&quot; nats-streaming-server -store file -dir datastore -encrypt -encryption_cipher &quot;CHACHA&quot;
</code></pre><p>or, to select <code>AES</code>:</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>$ env NATS_STREAMING_ENCRYPTION_KEY=&quot;mykey&quot; nats-streaming-server -store file -dir datastore -encrypt -encryption_cipher &quot;AES&quot;
</code></pre><p>Note that only message payload is encrypted, all other data stored by NATS Streaming server is not.</p>
<p>When running in clustering mode (see below), the server uses RAFT, which uses its own log files. Those will be encrypted too.</p>
<p>Starting a server with <code>encrypt</code> against a datastore that was not encrypted may result in failures when it comes to decrypt a message, which may not happen immediately upon startup. Instead, it will happen when attempting to deliver messages to consumers. However, when possible, the server will detect if the data was not encrypted and return the data without attempting to decrypt it. The server will also detect which cipher was used to encrypt the data and use the proper cipher to decrypt, even if this is not the currently selected cipher.</p>
<p>If the data is encrypted with a key and the server is restarted with a different key, the server will fail to decrypt messages when attempting to load them from the store.</p>
<p>Performance considerations: As expected, encryption is likely to decrease performance, but by how much is hard to define. In some performance tests on a MacbookPro 2.8 GHz Intel Core i7 with SSD, we have observed as little as 1% decrease to more than 30%. In addition to CPU cycles required for encryption, the encrypted payload is bigger, which result in more data being stored or read.</p>
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transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
position: relative;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
-webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
transform: translateY(0px);
text-shadow: 0 0 0;
}
.tab:checked:nth-of-type(4)~.tab__content:nth-of-type(4) {
opacity: 1;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
position: relative;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
-webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
transform: translateY(0px);
text-shadow: 0 0 0;
}
.tab:checked:nth-of-type(5)~.tab__content:nth-of-type(5) {
opacity: 1;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
position: relative;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
-webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
transform: translateY(0px);
text-shadow: 0 0 0;
}
.tab:checked:nth-of-type(6)~.tab__content:nth-of-type(6) {
opacity: 1;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
position: relative;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
-webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
transform: translateY(0px);
text-shadow: 0 0 0;
}
.tab:checked:nth-of-type(7)~.tab__content:nth-of-type(7) {
opacity: 1;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
position: relative;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
-webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
transform: translateY(0px);
text-shadow: 0 0 0;
}
.tab:checked:nth-of-type(8)~.tab__content:nth-of-type(8) {
opacity: 1;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease;
transition: 0.5s opacity ease-in, 0.8s transform ease, 0.8s -webkit-transform ease;
position: relative;
top: 0;
z-index: 100;
-webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
transform: translateY(0px);
text-shadow: 0 0 0;
}
.tab:first-of-type:not(:last-of-type)+label {
border-top-right-radius: 0;
border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
}
.tab:not(:first-of-type):not(:last-of-type)+label {
border-radius: 0;
}
.tab:last-of-type:not(:first-of-type)+label {
border-top-left-radius: 0;
border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.tab:checked+label {
background-color: #fff;
box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 #fff inset;
cursor: default;
font-weight: bold;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-bottom-color: transparent;
}
.tab:checked+label:hover {
box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 #fff inset;
background-color: #fff;
}
.tab+label {
box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 #eee inset;
border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
cursor: pointer;
display: block;
text-decoration: none;
color: #27aae1;
flex-grow: 3;
text-align: center;
-webkit-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select: none;
-ms-user-select: none;
user-select: none;
text-align: center;
transition: 0.3s background-color ease, 0.3s box-shadow ease;
height: 50px;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 15px;
}
.tab+label:hover {
background-color: #f9f9f9;
box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #f4f4f4 inset;
}
.tab__content {
padding: 2px 2px;
background-color: transparent;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
z-index: -1;
opacity: 0;
left: 0;
-webkit-transform: translateY(-3px);
transform: translateY(-3px);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.tab__content pre {
margin-bottom: 0px !important;
}
.toolbar-icons {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
padding-left: 4px;
}
a.toolbar-icons {
text-decoration: none;
}
.toolbar-icons .mdi {
color: #4183c4;
}
.copy-msg {
color: #4183c4;
}
.pull-right {
float: right !important;
}
.pull-left {
float: left !important;
}
</style>
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