Fix setup target in Makefile to install mockery correctly

* codebeat: improve & bugfix

* codebeat: refactor to improve readability

* bugfix

* bugfix

* internal/data/codec: improve code coverage

.drone.yml

@@ -5,18 +5,10 @@ steps:
   - name: build
     image: golang:latest
     commands:
-      - go test -v -short -cover -coverprofile=coverage.txt ./...
+      - go test -v -cover -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic -coverpkg=$(shell go list) -race .
 
   - name: coverage
     image: plugins/codecov
     settings:
       token:
         from_secret: codecov-token
-
-  - name: notify
-    image: plugins/webhook
-    urls: https://msgbus.mills.io/ci.mills.io
-    when:
-      status:
-        - success
-        - failure

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+github: prologic
+patreon: prologic

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 *~*
 *.bak
+*.db
 
 /coverage.txt
 /bitcask

.goreleaser.yml

@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ builds:
     binary: bitcask
     main: ./cmd/bitcask
     flags: -tags "static_build"
-    ldflags: -w -X .Version={{.Version}} -X .Commit={{.Commit}}
+    ldflags: -w -X github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal.Version={{.Version}} -X github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal.Commit={{.Commit}}
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
   - 
     binary: bitcaskd
     main: ./cmd/bitcaskd
     flags: -tags "static_build"
-    ldflags: -w -X .Version={{.Version}} -X .Commit={{.Commit}}
+    ldflags: -w -X github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal.Version={{.Version}} -X github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal.Commit={{.Commit}}
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
 sign:

AUTHORS

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Entries should be added alphabetically in the form:
+#   Name or Organization <email address>
+# The email address is not required for organizations.
+
+Awn Umar <awn@spacetime.dev>
+Christian Muehlhaeuser <muesli@gmail.com>
+Ignacio Hagopian <jsign.uy@gmail.com>
+James Mills <prologic@shortcircuit.net.au>
+Jesse Donat <donatj@gmail.com>
+Kebert Xela kebertxela
+panyun panyun 
+Whemoon Jang <palindrom615@gmail.com>
+Yury Fedorov orlangure

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Contributing
+
+No preference. If you know how to use Github and have contributed to open source projects before then:
+
+* File an issue
+* Submit a pull request
+* File an issue + Submit a pull request
+* Use this project somewhere :)
+
+Be sure to add yourself to the [AUTHORS](/AUTHORS) file when you submit your PR(s). Every contribution counts no how big or small!
+
+Thanks for using Bitcask!

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Build
+FROM prologic/go-builder:latest AS build
+
+# Runtime
+FROM alpine
+
+COPY --from=build /src/bitcaskd /bitcaskd
+
+EXPOSE 6379/tcp
+
+VOLUME /data
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bitcaskd"]
+CMD ["/data"]

Makefile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.PHONY: dev build generate install image release profile bench test clean
+.PHONY: dev build generate install image release profile bench test clean setup
 
 CGO_ENABLED=0
 VERSION=$(shell git describe --abbrev=0 --tags)
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ dev: build
 build: clean generate
 	@go build \
 		-tags "netgo static_build" -installsuffix netgo \
-		-ldflags "-w -X $(shell go list).Version=$(VERSION) -X $(shell go list).Commit=$(COMMIT)" \
+		-ldflags "-w -X $(shell go list)/internal.Version=$(VERSION) -X $(shell go list)/internal.Commit=$(COMMIT)" \
 		./cmd/bitcask/...
 	@go build \
 		-tags "netgo static_build" -installsuffix netgo \
-		-ldflags "-w -X $(shell go list).Version=$(VERSION) -X $(shell go list).Commit=$(COMMIT)" \
+		-ldflags "-w -X $(shell go list)/internal.Version=$(VERSION) -X $(shell go list)/internal.Commit=$(COMMIT)" \
 		./cmd/bitcaskd/...
 
 generate:
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ generate:
 
 install: build
 	@go install ./cmd/bitcask/...
+	@go install ./cmd/bitcaskd/...
 
 image:
 	@docker build -t prologic/bitcask .
@@ -33,13 +34,23 @@ release:
 	@./tools/release.sh
 
 profile: build
-	@go test -cpuprofile cpu.prof -memprofile mem.prof -v -bench ./...
+	@go test -cpuprofile cpu.prof -memprofile mem.prof -v -bench .
 
 bench: build
-	@go test -v -benchmem -bench=. ./...
+	@go test -v -benchmem -bench=. .
+
+mocks:
+	@mockery -all -case underscore -output ./internal/mocks -recursive
 
 test: build
-	@go test -v -cover -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic -coverpkg=./... -race ./...
+	@go test -v \
+		-cover -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic \
+		-coverpkg=$(shell go list) \
+		-race \
+		.
+
+setup:
+	@go get github.com/vektra/mockery/...
 
 clean:
 	@git clean -f -d -X

README.md

@@ -3,22 +3,34 @@
 [![Build Status](https://cloud.drone.io/api/badges/prologic/bitcask/status.svg)](https://cloud.drone.io/prologic/bitcask)
 [![CodeCov](https://codecov.io/gh/prologic/bitcask/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/prologic/bitcask)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/prologic/bitcask)](https://goreportcard.com/report/prologic/bitcask)
+[![codebeat badge](https://codebeat.co/badges/15fba8a5-3044-4f40-936f-9e0f5d5d1fd9)](https://codebeat.co/projects/github-com-prologic-bitcask-master)
 [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/prologic/bitcask?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/prologic/bitcask) 
+[![GitHub license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/prologic/bitcask.svg)](https://github.com/prologic/bitcask)
 [![Sourcegraph](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/prologic/bitcask/-/badge.svg)](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/prologic/bitcask?badge)
 
-A Bitcask (LSM+WAL) Key/Value Store written in Go.
+A high performance Key/Value store written in [Go](https://golang.org) with a predictable read/write performance and high throughput. Uses a [Bitcask](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcask) on-disk layout (LSM+WAL) similar to [Riak](https://riak.com/)
+
+For a more feature-complete Redis-compatible server, distributed key/value store have a look at [Bitraft](https://github.com/prologic/bitraft) which uses this library as its backend. Use [Bitcask](https://github.com/prologic/bitcask) as a starting point or if you want to embed in your application, use [Bitraft](https://github.com/prologic/bitraft) if you need a complete server/client solution with high availability with a Redis-compatible API.
 
 ## Features
 
-* Embeddable
-* Builtin CLI
+* Embeddable (`import "github.com/prologic/bitcask"`)
+* Builtin CLI (`bitcask`)
+* Builtin Redis-compatible server (`bitcaskd`)
 * Predictable read/write performance
-* Low latecny
-* High throughput (See: [Performance](README.md#Performance)
+* Low latency
+* High throughput (See: [Performance](README.md#Performance) )
+
+## Development
+
+```#!sh
+$ git clone https://github.com/prologic/bitcask.git
+$ make
+```
 
 ## Install
 
-```#!bash
+```#!sh
 $ go get github.com/prologic/bitcask
 ```
 
@@ -26,23 +38,20 @@ $ go get github.com/prologic/bitcask
 
 Install the package into your project:
 
-```#!bash
+```#!sh
 $ go get github.com/prologic/bitcask
 ```
 
 ```#!go
 package main
 
-import (
-    "log"
-
-    "github.com/prologic/bitcask"
-)
+import "github.com/prologic/bitcask"
 
 func main() {
     db, _ := bitcask.Open("/tmp/db")
-    db.Set("Hello", []byte("World"))
-    db.Close()
+    defer db.Close()
+    db.Put([]byte("Hello"), []byte("World"))
+    val, _ := db.Get([]byte("Hello"))
 }
 ```
 
@@ -51,26 +60,122 @@ documentation and other examples.
 
 ## Usage (tool)
 
-```#!bash
+```#!sh
 $ bitcask -p /tmp/db set Hello World
 $ bitcask -p /tmp/db get Hello
 World
 ```
 
+## Usage (server)
+
+There is also a builtin very  simple Redis-compatible server called `bitcaskd`:
+
+```#!sh
+$ ./bitcaskd ./tmp
+INFO[0000] starting bitcaskd v0.0.7@146f777              bind=":6379" path=./tmp
+```
+
+Example session:
+
+```#!sh
+$ telnet localhost 6379
+Trying ::1...
+Connected to localhost.
+Escape character is '^]'.
+SET foo bar
++OK
+GET foo
+$3
+bar
+DEL foo
+:1
+GET foo
+$-1
+PING
++PONG
+QUIT
++OK
+Connection closed by foreign host.
+```
+
+## Docker
+
+You can also use the [Bitcask Docker Image](https://cloud.docker.com/u/prologic/repository/docker/prologic/bitcask):
+
+```#!sh
+$ docker pull prologic/bitcask
+$ docker run -d -p 6379:6379 prologic/bitcask
+```
+
 ## Performance
 
 Benchmarks run on a 11" Macbook with a 1.4Ghz Intel Core i7:
 
-```
+```#!sh
 $ make bench
 ...
-BenchmarkGet-4   	  300000	      5065 ns/op	     144 B/op	       4 allocs/op
-BenchmarkPut-4   	  100000	     14640 ns/op	     699 B/op	       7 allocs/op
+goos: darwin
+goarch: amd64
+pkg: github.com/prologic/bitcask
+
+BenchmarkGet/128B-4         	  316515	      3263 ns/op	  39.22 MB/s	     160 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/256B-4         	  382551	      3204 ns/op	  79.90 MB/s	     288 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/512B-4         	  357216	      3835 ns/op	 133.51 MB/s	     576 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/1K-4           	  274958	      4429 ns/op	 231.20 MB/s	    1152 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/2K-4           	  227764	      5013 ns/op	 408.55 MB/s	    2304 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/4K-4           	  187557	      5534 ns/op	 740.15 MB/s	    4864 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/8K-4           	  153546	      7652 ns/op	1070.56 MB/s	    9472 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/16K-4          	  115549	     10272 ns/op	1594.95 MB/s	   18432 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+BenchmarkGet/32K-4          	   69592	     16405 ns/op	1997.39 MB/s	   40960 B/op	       1 allocs/op
+
+BenchmarkPut/128BNoSync-4   	  123519	     11094 ns/op	  11.54 MB/s	      49 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/256BNoSync-4   	   84662	     13398 ns/op	  19.11 MB/s	      50 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/1KNoSync-4     	   46345	     24855 ns/op	  41.20 MB/s	      58 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/2KNoSync-4     	   28820	     43817 ns/op	  46.74 MB/s	      68 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/4KNoSync-4     	   13976	     90059 ns/op	  45.48 MB/s	      89 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/8KNoSync-4     	    7852	    155101 ns/op	  52.82 MB/s	     130 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/16KNoSync-4    	    4848	    238113 ns/op	  68.81 MB/s	     226 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/32KNoSync-4    	    2564	    391483 ns/op	  83.70 MB/s	     377 B/op	       3 allocs/op
+
+BenchmarkPut/128BSync-4     	     260	   4611273 ns/op	   0.03 MB/s	      48 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/256BSync-4     	     265	   4665506 ns/op	   0.05 MB/s	      48 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/1KSync-4       	     256	   4757334 ns/op	   0.22 MB/s	      48 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/2KSync-4       	     255	   4996788 ns/op	   0.41 MB/s	      92 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/4KSync-4       	     222	   5136481 ns/op	   0.80 MB/s	      98 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/8KSync-4       	     223	   5530824 ns/op	   1.48 MB/s	      99 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/16KSync-4      	     213	   5717880 ns/op	   2.87 MB/s	     202 B/op	       2 allocs/op
+BenchmarkPut/32KSync-4      	     211	   5835948 ns/op	   5.61 MB/s	     355 B/op	       3 allocs/op
+
+BenchmarkScan-4             	  568696	      2036 ns/op	     392 B/op	      33 allocs/op
+PASS
 ```
 
-* ~180,000 reads/sec
-* ~60,000 writes/sec
+For 128B values:
+
+* ~300,000 reads/sec
+* ~90,000 writes/sec
+* ~490,000 scans/sec
+
+The full benchmark above shows linear performance as you increase key/value sizes.
+
+## Stargazers over time
+
+[![Stargazers over time](https://starcharts.herokuapp.com/prologic/bitcask.svg)](https://starcharts.herokuapp.com/prologic/bitcask)
+
+## Support
+
+Support the ongoing development of Bitcask!
+
+**Sponser**
+
+- Become a [Sponsor](https://www.patreon.com/prologic)
+
+## Contributors
+
+Thank you to all those that have contributed to this project, battle-tested it, used it in their own projects or products, fixed bugs, improved performance and even fix tiny typos in documentation! Thank you and keep contributing!
+
+You can find an [AUTHORS](/AUTHORS) file where we keep a list of contributors to the project. If you contriibute a PR please consider adding your name there. There is also Github's own [Contributors](https://github.com/prologic/bitcask/graphs/contributors) statistics.
 
 ## License
 
-bitcask is licensed under the [MIT License](https://github.com/prologic/bitcask/blob/master/LICENSE)
+bitcask is licensed under the term of the [MIT License](https://github.com/prologic/bitcask/blob/master/LICENSE)

bitcask.go

@@ -2,368 +2,423 @@ package bitcask
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
+	"hash/crc32"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"sort"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/gofrs/flock"
-)
-
-const (
-	DefaultMaxDatafileSize = 1 << 20 // 1MB
+	art "github.com/plar/go-adaptive-radix-tree"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/config"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/data"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/index"
 )
 
 var (
-	ErrKeyNotFound       = errors.New("error: key not found")
-	ErrCannotAcquireLock = errors.New("error: cannot acquire lock")
+	// ErrKeyNotFound is the error returned when a key is not found
+	ErrKeyNotFound = errors.New("error: key not found")
+
+	// ErrKeyTooLarge is the error returned for a key that exceeds the
+	// maximum allowed key size (configured with WithMaxKeySize).
+	ErrKeyTooLarge = errors.New("error: key too large")
+
+	// ErrValueTooLarge is the error returned for a value that exceeds the
+	// maximum allowed value size (configured with WithMaxValueSize).
+	ErrValueTooLarge = errors.New("error: value too large")
+
+	// ErrChecksumFailed is the error returned if a key/value retrieved does
+	// not match its CRC checksum
+	ErrChecksumFailed = errors.New("error: checksum failed")
+
+	// ErrDatabaseLocked is the error returned if the database is locked
+	// (typically opened by another process)
+	ErrDatabaseLocked = errors.New("error: database locked")
 )
 
+// Bitcask is a struct that represents a on-disk LSM and WAL data structure
+// and in-memory hash of key/value pairs as per the Bitcask paper and seen
+// in the Riak database.
 type Bitcask struct {
+	mu sync.RWMutex
+
 	*flock.Flock
 
+	config    *config.Config
+	options   []Option
 	path      string
-	curr      *Datafile
-	keydir    *Keydir
-	datafiles []*Datafile
-
-	maxDatafileSize int64
+	curr      data.Datafile
+	datafiles map[int]data.Datafile
+	trie      art.Tree
+	indexer   index.Indexer
 }
 
+// Stats is a struct returned by Stats() on an open Bitcask instance
+type Stats struct {
+	Datafiles int
+	Keys      int
+	Size      int64
+}
+
+// Stats returns statistics about the database including the number of
+// data files, keys and overall size on disk of the data
+func (b *Bitcask) Stats() (stats Stats, err error) {
+	if stats.Size, err = internal.DirSize(b.path); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	b.mu.RLock()
+	stats.Datafiles = len(b.datafiles)
+	stats.Keys = b.trie.Size()
+	b.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	return
+}
+
+// Close closes the database and removes the lock. It is important to call
+// Close() as this is the only way to cleanup the lock held by the open
+// database.
 func (b *Bitcask) Close() error {
 	defer func() {
 		b.Flock.Unlock()
+		os.Remove(b.Flock.Path())
 	}()
 
-	for _, df := range b.datafiles {
-		df.Close()
+	if err := b.indexer.Save(b.trie, filepath.Join(b.path, "index")); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
+
+	for _, df := range b.datafiles {
+		if err := df.Close(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	return b.curr.Close()
 }
 
+// Sync flushes all buffers to disk ensuring all data is written
 func (b *Bitcask) Sync() error {
 	return b.curr.Sync()
 }
 
-func (b *Bitcask) Get(key string) ([]byte, error) {
-	var df *Datafile
+// Get retrieves the value of the given key. If the key is not found or an/I/O
+// error occurs a null byte slice is returned along with the error.
+func (b *Bitcask) Get(key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	var df data.Datafile
 
-	item, ok := b.keydir.Get(key)
-	if !ok {
+	b.mu.RLock()
+	value, found := b.trie.Search(key)
+	if !found {
+		b.mu.RUnlock()
 		return nil, ErrKeyNotFound
 	}
 
-	if item.FileID == b.curr.id {
+	item := value.(internal.Item)
+
+	if item.FileID == b.curr.FileID() {
 		df = b.curr
 	} else {
 		df = b.datafiles[item.FileID]
 	}
 
-	e, err := df.ReadAt(item.Index)
+	e, err := df.ReadAt(item.Offset, item.Size)
+	b.mu.RUnlock()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	checksum := crc32.ChecksumIEEE(e.Value)
+	if checksum != e.Checksum {
+		return nil, ErrChecksumFailed
+	}
+
 	return e.Value, nil
 }
 
-func (b *Bitcask) Put(key string, value []byte) error {
-	index, err := b.put(key, value)
+// Has returns true if the key exists in the database, false otherwise.
+func (b *Bitcask) Has(key []byte) bool {
+	b.mu.RLock()
+	_, found := b.trie.Search(key)
+	b.mu.RUnlock()
+	return found
+}
+
+// Put stores the key and value in the database.
+func (b *Bitcask) Put(key, value []byte) error {
+	if uint32(len(key)) > b.config.MaxKeySize {
+		return ErrKeyTooLarge
+	}
+	if uint64(len(value)) > b.config.MaxValueSize {
+		return ErrValueTooLarge
+	}
+
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	offset, n, err := b.put(key, value)
 	if err != nil {
+		b.mu.Unlock()
 		return err
 	}
 
-	b.keydir.Add(key, b.curr.id, index, time.Now().Unix())
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (b *Bitcask) Delete(key string) error {
-	_, err := b.put(key, []byte{})
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	b.keydir.Delete(key)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (b *Bitcask) Fold(f func(key string) error) error {
-	for key := range b.keydir.Keys() {
-		if err := f(key); err != nil {
+	if b.config.Sync {
+		if err := b.curr.Sync(); err != nil {
+			b.mu.Unlock()
 			return err
 		}
 	}
+
+	item := internal.Item{FileID: b.curr.FileID(), Offset: offset, Size: n}
+	b.trie.Insert(key, item)
+	b.mu.Unlock()
+
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (b *Bitcask) put(key string, value []byte) (int64, error) {
-	size, err := b.curr.Size()
+// Delete deletes the named key. If the key doesn't exist or an I/O error
+// occurs the error is returned.
+func (b *Bitcask) Delete(key []byte) error {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	_, _, err := b.put(key, []byte{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return -1, err
+		b.mu.Unlock()
+		return err
 	}
+	b.trie.Delete(key)
+	b.mu.Unlock()
 
-	if size >= b.maxDatafileSize {
-		err := b.curr.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			return -1, err
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Scan performs a prefix scan of keys matching the given prefix and calling
+// the function `f` with the keys found. If the function returns an error
+// no further keys are processed and the first error returned.
+func (b *Bitcask) Scan(prefix []byte, f func(key []byte) error) (err error) {
+	b.trie.ForEachPrefix(prefix, func(node art.Node) bool {
+		// Skip the root node
+		if len(node.Key()) == 0 {
+			return true
 		}
 
-		df, err := NewDatafile(b.path, b.curr.id, true)
-		b.datafiles = append(b.datafiles, df)
+		if err = f(node.Key()); err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+	return
+}
 
-		id := b.curr.id + 1
-		curr, err := NewDatafile(b.path, id, false)
+// Len returns the total number of keys in the database
+func (b *Bitcask) Len() int {
+	b.mu.RLock()
+	defer b.mu.RUnlock()
+	return b.trie.Size()
+}
+
+// Keys returns all keys in the database as a channel of keys
+func (b *Bitcask) Keys() chan []byte {
+	ch := make(chan []byte)
+	go func() {
+		b.mu.RLock()
+		defer b.mu.RUnlock()
+
+		for it := b.trie.Iterator(); it.HasNext(); {
+			node, _ := it.Next()
+			ch <- node.Key()
+		}
+		close(ch)
+	}()
+
+	return ch
+}
+
+// Fold iterates over all keys in the database calling the function `f` for
+// each key. If the function returns an error, no further keys are processed
+// and the error returned.
+func (b *Bitcask) Fold(f func(key []byte) error) (err error) {
+	b.mu.RLock()
+	defer b.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	b.trie.ForEach(func(node art.Node) bool {
+		if err = f(node.Key()); err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (b *Bitcask) put(key, value []byte) (int64, int64, error) {
+	size := b.curr.Size()
+	if size >= int64(b.config.MaxDatafileSize) {
+		err := b.curr.Close()
 		if err != nil {
-			return -1, err
+			return -1, 0, err
+		}
+
+		id := b.curr.FileID()
+
+		df, err := data.NewDatafile(b.path, id, true, b.config.MaxKeySize, b.config.MaxValueSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			return -1, 0, err
+		}
+
+		b.datafiles[id] = df
+
+		id = b.curr.FileID() + 1
+		curr, err := data.NewDatafile(b.path, id, false, b.config.MaxKeySize, b.config.MaxValueSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			return -1, 0, err
 		}
 		b.curr = curr
 	}
 
-	e := NewEntry(key, value)
+	e := internal.NewEntry(key, value)
 	return b.curr.Write(e)
 }
 
-func (b *Bitcask) setMaxDatafileSize(size int64) error {
-	b.maxDatafileSize = size
+func (b *Bitcask) reopen() error {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	defer b.mu.Unlock()
+
+	datafiles, lastID, err := loadDatafiles(b.path, b.config.MaxKeySize, b.config.MaxValueSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	t, err := loadIndex(b.path, b.indexer, b.config.MaxKeySize, datafiles)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	curr, err := data.NewDatafile(b.path, lastID, false, b.config.MaxKeySize, b.config.MaxValueSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b.trie = t
+	b.curr = curr
+	b.datafiles = datafiles
+
 	return nil
 }
 
-func WithMaxDatafileSize(size int64) func(*Bitcask) error {
-	return func(b *Bitcask) error {
-		return b.setMaxDatafileSize(size)
-	}
-}
-
-func getDatafiles(path string) ([]string, error) {
-	fns, err := filepath.Glob(fmt.Sprintf("%s/*.data", path))
+// Merge merges all datafiles in the database. Old keys are squashed
+// and deleted keys removes. Duplicate key/value pairs are also removed.
+// Call this function periodically to reclaim disk space.
+func (b *Bitcask) Merge() error {
+	// Temporary merged database path
+	temp, err := ioutil.TempDir(b.path, "merge")
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return err
 	}
-	sort.Strings(fns)
-	return fns, nil
-}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(temp)
 
-func parseIds(fns []string) ([]int, error) {
-	var ids []int
-	for _, fn := range fns {
-		fn = filepath.Base(fn)
-		ext := filepath.Ext(fn)
-		if ext != ".data" {
-			continue
-		}
-		id, err := strconv.ParseInt(strings.TrimSuffix(fn, ext), 10, 32)
+	// Create a merged database
+	mdb, err := Open(temp, b.options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Rewrite all key/value pairs into merged database
+	// Doing this automatically strips deleted keys and
+	// old key/value pairs
+	err = b.Fold(func(key []byte) error {
+		value, err := b.Get(key)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return err
 		}
-		ids = append(ids, int(id))
-	}
-	sort.Ints(ids)
-	return ids, nil
-}
 
-func Merge(path string, force bool) error {
-	fns, err := getDatafiles(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+		if err := mdb.Put(key, value); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 
-	ids, err := parseIds(fns)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Do not merge if we only have 1 Datafile
-	if len(ids) <= 1 {
 		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Don't merge the Active Datafile (the last one)
-	fns = fns[:len(fns)-1]
-	ids = ids[:len(ids)-1]
-
-	temp, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "bitcask")
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	for i, fn := range fns {
-		// Don't merge Datafiles whose .hint files we've already generated
-		// (they are already merged); unless we set the force flag to true
-		// (forcing a re-merge).
-		if filepath.Ext(fn) == ".hint" && !force {
-			// Already merged
-			continue
-		}
+	err = mdb.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 
-		id := ids[i]
+	// Close the database
+	err = b.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 
-		keydir := NewKeydir()
-
-		df, err := NewDatafile(path, id, true)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer df.Close()
-
-		for {
-			e, err := df.Read()
-			if err != nil {
-				if err == io.EOF {
-					break
-				}
-				return err
-			}
-
-			// Tombstone value  (deleted key)
-			if len(e.Value) == 0 {
-				keydir.Delete(e.Key)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			keydir.Add(e.Key, ids[i], e.Index, e.Timestamp)
-		}
-
-		tempdf, err := NewDatafile(temp, id, false)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer tempdf.Close()
-
-		for key := range keydir.Keys() {
-			item, _ := keydir.Get(key)
-			e, err := df.ReadAt(item.Index)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			_, err = tempdf.Write(e)
+	// Remove all data files
+	files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(b.path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, file := range files {
+		if !file.IsDir() {
+			err := os.RemoveAll(path.Join([]string{b.path, file.Name()}...))
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
+	}
 
-		err = tempdf.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		err = df.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		err = os.Rename(tempdf.Name(), df.Name())
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		hint := strings.TrimSuffix(df.Name(), ".data") + ".hint"
-		err = keydir.Save(hint)
+	// Rename all merged data files
+	files, err = ioutil.ReadDir(mdb.path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, file := range files {
+		err := os.Rename(
+			path.Join([]string{mdb.path, file.Name()}...),
+			path.Join([]string{b.path, file.Name()}...),
+		)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	// And finally reopen the database
+	return b.reopen()
 }
 
-func Open(path string, options ...func(*Bitcask) error) (*Bitcask, error) {
+// Open opens the database at the given path with optional options.
+// Options can be provided with the `WithXXX` functions that provide
+// configuration options as functions.
+func Open(path string, options ...Option) (*Bitcask, error) {
+	var (
+		cfg *config.Config
+		err error
+	)
+
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(path, 0755); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	err := Merge(path, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	fns, err := getDatafiles(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	ids, err := parseIds(fns)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	keydir := NewKeydir()
-	var datafiles []*Datafile
-
-	for i, fn := range fns {
-		df, err := NewDatafile(path, ids[i], true)
+	configPath := filepath.Join(path, "config.json")
+	if internal.Exists(configPath) {
+		cfg, err = config.Load(configPath)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		datafiles = append(datafiles, df)
-
-		if filepath.Ext(fn) == ".hint" {
-			f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(path, fn))
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			defer f.Close()
-
-			hint, err := NewKeydirFromBytes(f)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-
-			for key := range hint.Keys() {
-				item, _ := hint.Get(key)
-				keydir.Add(key, item.FileID, item.Index, item.Timestamp)
-			}
-		} else {
-			for {
-				e, err := df.Read()
-				if err != nil {
-					if err == io.EOF {
-						break
-					}
-					return nil, err
-				}
-
-				// Tombstone value  (deleted key)
-				if len(e.Value) == 0 {
-					keydir.Delete(e.Key)
-					continue
-				}
-
-				keydir.Add(e.Key, ids[i], e.Index, e.Timestamp)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	var id int
-	if len(ids) > 0 {
-		id = ids[(len(ids) - 1)]
-	}
-
-	curr, err := NewDatafile(path, id, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+	} else {
+		cfg = newDefaultConfig()
 	}
 
 	bitcask := &Bitcask{
-		Flock:     flock.New(filepath.Join(path, "lock")),
-		path:      path,
-		curr:      curr,
-		keydir:    keydir,
-		datafiles: datafiles,
-
-		maxDatafileSize: DefaultMaxDatafileSize,
+		Flock:   flock.New(filepath.Join(path, "lock")),
+		config:  cfg,
+		options: options,
+		path:    path,
+		indexer: index.NewIndexer(),
 	}
 
-	for _, option := range options {
-		err = option(bitcask)
-		if err != nil {
+	for _, opt := range options {
+		if err := opt(bitcask.config); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -374,8 +429,73 @@ func Open(path string, options ...func(*Bitcask) error) (*Bitcask, error) {
 	}
 
 	if !locked {
-		return nil, ErrCannotAcquireLock
+		return nil, ErrDatabaseLocked
+	}
+
+	if err := cfg.Save(configPath); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := bitcask.reopen(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	return bitcask, nil
 }
+
+func loadDatafiles(path string, maxKeySize uint32, maxValueSize uint64) (datafiles map[int]data.Datafile, lastID int, err error) {
+	fns, err := internal.GetDatafiles(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	ids, err := internal.ParseIds(fns)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	datafiles = make(map[int]data.Datafile, len(ids))
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		datafiles[id], err = data.NewDatafile(path, id, true, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+	}
+	if len(ids) > 0 {
+		lastID = ids[len(ids)-1]
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func loadIndex(path string, indexer index.Indexer, maxKeySize uint32, datafiles map[int]data.Datafile) (art.Tree, error) {
+	t, found, err := indexer.Load(filepath.Join(path, "index"), maxKeySize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if !found {
+		for _, df := range datafiles {
+			var offset int64
+			for {
+				e, n, err := df.Read()
+				if err != nil {
+					if err == io.EOF {
+						break
+					}
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// Tombstone value  (deleted key)
+				if len(e.Value) == 0 {
+					t.Delete(e.Key)
+					offset += n
+					continue
+				}
+				item := internal.Item{FileID: df.FileID(), Offset: offset, Size: n}
+				t.Insert(e.Key, item)
+				offset += n
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return t, nil
+}

cmd/bitcask/del.go

@@ -35,8 +35,9 @@ func del(path, key string) int {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
 		return 1
 	}
+	defer db.Close()
 
-	err = db.Delete(key)
+	err = db.Delete([]byte(key))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error deleting key")
 		return 1

cmd/bitcask/export.go

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+)
+
+var errNotAllDataWritten = errors.New("error: not all data written")
+
+var exportCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "export",
+	Aliases: []string{"backup", "dump"},
+	Short:   "Export a database",
+	Long: `This command allows you to export or dump/backup a database's
+key/values into a long-term portable archival format suitable for backup and
+restore purposes or migrating from older on-disk formats of Bitcask.
+
+All key/value pairs are base64 encoded and serialized as JSON one pair per
+line to form an output stream to either standard output or a file. You can
+optionally compress the output with standard compression tools such as gzip.`,
+	Args: cobra.RangeArgs(0, 1),
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		var output string
+
+		path := viper.GetString("path")
+
+		if len(args) == 1 {
+			output = args[0]
+		} else {
+			output = "-"
+		}
+
+		os.Exit(export(path, output))
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(exportCmd)
+
+	exportCmd.PersistentFlags().IntP(
+		"with-max-datafile-size", "", bitcask.DefaultMaxDatafileSize,
+		"Maximum size of each datafile",
+	)
+	exportCmd.PersistentFlags().Uint32P(
+		"with-max-key-size", "", bitcask.DefaultMaxKeySize,
+		"Maximum size of each key",
+	)
+	exportCmd.PersistentFlags().Uint64P(
+		"with-max-value-size", "", bitcask.DefaultMaxValueSize,
+		"Maximum size of each value",
+	)
+}
+
+type kvPair struct {
+	Key   string `json:"key"`
+	Value string `json:"value"`
+}
+
+func export(path, output string) int {
+	db, err := bitcask.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
+		return 1
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	w := os.Stdout
+	if output != "-" {
+		if w, err = os.OpenFile(output, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL|os.O_TRUNC, 0755); err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).
+				WithField("output", output).
+				Error("error opening output for writing")
+			return 1
+		}
+		defer w.Close()
+	}
+
+	if err = db.Fold(exportKey(db, w)); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).
+			WithField("path", path).
+			WithField("output", output).
+			Error("error exporting keys")
+		return 2
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func exportKey(db *bitcask.Bitcask, w io.Writer) func(key []byte) error {
+	return func(key []byte) error {
+		value, err := db.Get(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).
+				WithField("key", key).
+				Error("error reading key")
+			return err
+		}
+
+		kv := kvPair{
+			Key:   base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(key)),
+			Value: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(value),
+		}
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(&kv)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).
+				WithField("key", key).
+				Error("error serialzing key")
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if n, err := w.Write(data); err != nil || n != len(data) {
+			if err == nil && n != len(data) {
+				err = errNotAllDataWritten
+			}
+			log.WithError(err).
+				WithField("key", key).
+				WithField("n", n).
+				Error("error writing key")
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if _, err := w.Write([]byte("\n")); err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("error writing newline")
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+}

cmd/bitcask/get.go

@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ func get(path, key string) int {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
 		return 1
 	}
+	defer db.Close()
 
-	value, err := db.Get(key)
+	value, err := db.Get([]byte(key))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error reading key")
 		return 1

cmd/bitcask/import.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+)
+
+var importCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "import",
+	Aliases: []string{"restore", "read"},
+	Short:   "Import a database",
+	Long: `This command allows you to import or restore a database from a
+previous export/dump using the export command either creating a new database
+or adding additional key/value pairs to an existing one.`,
+	Args: cobra.RangeArgs(0, 1),
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		var input string
+
+		path := viper.GetString("path")
+
+		if len(args) == 1 {
+			input = args[0]
+		} else {
+			input = "-"
+		}
+
+		os.Exit(_import(path, input))
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(importCmd)
+}
+
+func _import(path, input string) int {
+	var (
+		err error
+		r   io.ReadCloser
+	)
+
+	db, err := bitcask.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
+		return 1
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	if input == "-" {
+		r = os.Stdin
+	} else {
+		r, err = os.Open(input)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).
+				WithField("input", input).
+				Error("error opening input for reading")
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	var kv kvPair
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(scanner.Bytes(), &kv); err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).
+				WithField("input", input).
+				Error("error reading input")
+			return 2
+		}
+
+		key, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(kv.Key)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("error decoding key")
+			return 2
+		}
+
+		value, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(kv.Value)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("error decoding value")
+			return 2
+		}
+
+		if err := db.Put(key, value); err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("error writing key/value")
+			return 2
+		}
+	}
+	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).
+			WithField("input", input).
+			Error("error reading input")
+		return 2
+
+	}
+
+	return 0
+}

cmd/bitcask/initdb.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"os"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+)
+
+var initdbCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "initdb",
+	Aliases: []string{"create", "init"},
+	Short:   "Initialize a new database",
+	Long:    `This initializes a new database with persisted options`,
+	Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(0),
+	PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		viper.BindPFlag("with-max-datafile-size", cmd.Flags().Lookup("with-max-datafile-size"))
+		viper.SetDefault("with-max-datafile-size", bitcask.DefaultMaxDatafileSize)
+
+		viper.BindPFlag("with-max-key-size", cmd.Flags().Lookup("with-max-key-size"))
+		viper.SetDefault("with-max-key-size", bitcask.DefaultMaxKeySize)
+
+		viper.BindPFlag("with-max-value-size", cmd.Flags().Lookup("with-max-value-size"))
+		viper.SetDefault("with-max-value-size", bitcask.DefaultMaxValueSize)
+	},
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		path := viper.GetString("path")
+
+		maxDatafileSize := viper.GetInt("with-max-datafile-size")
+		maxKeySize := viper.GetUint32("with-max-key-size")
+		maxValueSize := viper.GetUint64("with-max-value-size")
+
+		db, err := bitcask.Open(
+			path,
+			bitcask.WithMaxDatafileSize(maxDatafileSize),
+			bitcask.WithMaxKeySize(maxKeySize),
+			bitcask.WithMaxValueSize(maxValueSize),
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		os.Exit(0)
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(initdbCmd)
+
+	initdbCmd.PersistentFlags().IntP(
+		"with-max-datafile-size", "", bitcask.DefaultMaxDatafileSize,
+		"Maximum size of each datafile",
+	)
+	initdbCmd.PersistentFlags().Uint32P(
+		"with-max-key-size", "", bitcask.DefaultMaxKeySize,
+		"Maximum size of each key",
+	)
+	initdbCmd.PersistentFlags().Uint64P(
+		"with-max-value-size", "", bitcask.DefaultMaxValueSize,
+		"Maximum size of each value",
+	)
+}

cmd/bitcask/keys.go

@@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ func keys(path string) int {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
 		return 1
 	}
+	defer db.Close()
 
-	err = db.Fold(func(key string) error {
-		fmt.Printf("%s\n", key)
+	err = db.Fold(func(key []byte) error {
+		fmt.Printf("%s\n", string(key))
 		return nil
 	})
 	if err != nil {

cmd/bitcask/merge.go

@@ -20,28 +20,23 @@ keys.`,
 	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(0),
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		path := viper.GetString("path")
-		force, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("force")
-		if err != nil {
-			log.WithError(err).Error("error parsing force flag")
-			os.Exit(1)
-		}
 
-		os.Exit(merge(path, force))
+		os.Exit(merge(path))
 	},
 }
 
 func init() {
 	RootCmd.AddCommand(mergeCmd)
-
-	mergeCmd.Flags().BoolP(
-		"force", "f", false,
-		"Force a re-merge even if .hint files exist",
-	)
 }
 
-func merge(path string, force bool) int {
-	err := bitcask.Merge(path, force)
+func merge(path string) int {
+	db, err := bitcask.Open(path)
 	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	if err = db.Merge(); err != nil {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error merging database")
 		return 1
 	}

cmd/bitcask/put.go

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
 )
 
-var setCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:     "set <key> [<value>]",
-	Aliases: []string{"add"},
-	Short:   "Add/Set a new Key/Value pair",
-	Long: `This adds or sets a new key/value pair.
+var putCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "put <key> [<value>]",
+	Aliases: []string{"add", "set", "store"},
+	Short:   "Adds a new Key/Value pair",
+	Long: `This adds a new key/value pair or modifies an existing one.
 
 If the value is not specified as an argument it is read from standard input.`,
 	Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
@@ -33,20 +33,21 @@ If the value is not specified as an argument it is read from standard input.`,
 			value = os.Stdin
 		}
 
-		os.Exit(set(path, key, value))
+		os.Exit(put(path, key, value))
 	},
 }
 
 func init() {
-	RootCmd.AddCommand(setCmd)
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(putCmd)
 }
 
-func set(path, key string, value io.Reader) int {
+func put(path, key string, value io.Reader) int {
 	db, err := bitcask.Open(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
 		return 1
 	}
+	defer db.Close()
 
 	data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(value)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ func set(path, key string, value io.Reader) int {
 		return 1
 	}
 
-	err = db.Put(key, data)
+	err = db.Put([]byte(key), data)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("error writing key")
 		return 1

cmd/bitcask/recover.go

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/config"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/data/codec"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/index"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+var recoveryCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "recover",
+	Aliases: []string{"recovery"},
+	Short:   "Analyzes and recovers the index file for corruption scenarios",
+	Long: `This analyze files to detect different forms of persistence corruption in 
+persisted files. It also allows to recover the files to the latest point of integrity.
+Recovered files have the .recovered extension`,
+	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(0),
+	PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		viper.BindPFlag("dry-run", cmd.Flags().Lookup("dry-run"))
+	},
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		path := viper.GetString("path")
+		dryRun := viper.GetBool("dry-run")
+		os.Exit(recover(path, dryRun))
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(recoveryCmd)
+	recoveryCmd.Flags().BoolP("dry-run", "n", false, "Will only check files health without applying recovery if unhealthy")
+}
+
+func recover(path string, dryRun bool) int {
+	maxKeySize := bitcask.DefaultMaxKeySize
+	maxValueSize := bitcask.DefaultMaxValueSize
+	if cfg, err := config.Load(filepath.Join(path, "config.json")); err == nil {
+		maxKeySize = cfg.MaxKeySize
+		maxValueSize = cfg.MaxValueSize
+	}
+
+	if err := recoverIndex(filepath.Join(path, "index"), maxKeySize, dryRun); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Info("recovering index file")
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	datafiles, err := internal.GetDatafiles(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Info("coudn't list existing datafiles")
+		return 1
+	}
+	for _, file := range datafiles {
+		if err := recoverDatafile(file, maxKeySize, maxValueSize, dryRun); err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Info("recovering data file")
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0
+}
+
+func recoverIndex(path string, maxKeySize uint32, dryRun bool) error {
+	t, found, err := index.NewIndexer().Load(path, maxKeySize)
+	if err != nil && !index.IsIndexCorruption(err) {
+		log.WithError(err).Info("opening the index file")
+	}
+	if !found {
+		log.Info("index file doesn't exist, will be recreated on next run.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if err == nil {
+		log.Debug("index file is not corrupted")
+		return nil
+	}
+	log.Debugf("index file is corrupted: %v", err)
+
+	if dryRun {
+		log.Debug("dry-run mode, not writing to a file")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Leverage that t has the partiatially read tree even on corrupted files
+	err = index.NewIndexer().Save(t, "index.recovered")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("writing the recovered index file: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Debug("the index was recovered in the index.recovered new file")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func recoverDatafile(path string, maxKeySize uint32, maxValueSize uint64, dryRun bool) error {
+	f, err := os.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("opening the datafile: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	_, file := filepath.Split(path)
+	fr, err := os.OpenFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s.recovered", file), os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, os.ModePerm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating the recovered datafile: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer fr.Close()
+
+	dec := codec.NewDecoder(f, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+	enc := codec.NewEncoder(fr)
+	e := internal.Entry{}
+	for {
+		_, err = dec.Decode(&e)
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			break
+		}
+		if codec.IsCorruptedData(err) {
+			log.Debugf("%s is corrupted, a best-effort recovery was done", file)
+			return nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error while reading datafile: %w", err)
+		}
+		if dryRun {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, err := enc.Encode(e); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("writing to recovered datafile: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := os.Remove(fr.Name()); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("can't remove temporal recovered datafile: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Debugf("%s is not corrupted", file)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/bitcask/root.go

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 
-	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
 )
 
 // RootCmd represents the base command when called without any subcommands
 var RootCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:     "bitcask",
-	Version: bitcask.FullVersion(),
+	Version: internal.FullVersion(),
 	Short:   "Command-line tools for bitcask",
 	Long: `This is the command-line tool to interact with a bitcask database.
 

cmd/bitcask/scan.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+)
+
+var scanCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "scan <prefix>",
+	Aliases: []string{"search", "find"},
+	Short:   "Perform a prefix scan for keys",
+	Long: `This performa a prefix scan for keys  starting with the given
+prefix. This uses a Trie to search for matching keys and returns all matched
+keys.`,
+	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		path := viper.GetString("path")
+
+		prefix := args[0]
+
+		os.Exit(scan(path, prefix))
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(scanCmd)
+}
+
+func scan(path, prefix string) int {
+	db, err := bitcask.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
+		return 1
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	err = db.Scan([]byte(prefix), func(key []byte) error {
+		value, err := db.Get(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("error reading key")
+			return err
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("%s\n", string(value))
+		log.WithField("key", key).WithField("value", value).Debug("key/value")
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error scanning keys")
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	return 0
+}

cmd/bitcask/stats.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+)
+
+var statsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "stats",
+	Aliases: []string{},
+	Short:   "Display statis about the Database",
+	Long:    `This displays statistics about the Database"`,
+	Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(0),
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		path := viper.GetString("path")
+
+		os.Exit(stats(path))
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	RootCmd.AddCommand(statsCmd)
+}
+
+func stats(path string) int {
+	db, err := bitcask.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error opening database")
+		return 1
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	stats, err := db.Stats()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error getting stats")
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(stats, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error marshalling stats")
+		return 1
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(string(data))
+
+	return 0
+}

cmd/bitcaskd/main.go

@@ -3,25 +3,22 @@ package main
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"strings"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
-	"github.com/tidwall/redcon"
 
-	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
 )
 
 var (
-	bind            string
-	debug           bool
-	version         bool
-	maxDatafileSize int64
+	bind    string
+	debug   bool
+	version bool
 )
 
 func init() {
 	flag.Usage = func() {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Usage: %s [options] <path>\n", os.Args[0])
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Usage: %s [options] <dbpath>\n", os.Args[0])
 		flag.PrintDefaults()
 	}
 
@@ -29,8 +26,6 @@ func init() {
 	flag.BoolVarP(&debug, "debug", "d", false, "enable debug logging")
 
 	flag.StringVarP(&bind, "bind", "b", ":6379", "interface and port to bind to")
-
-	flag.Int64Var(&maxDatafileSize, "max-datafile-size", 1<<20, "maximum datafile size in bytes")
 }
 
 func main() {
@@ -43,7 +38,7 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	if version {
-		fmt.Printf("bitcaskd version %s", bitcask.FullVersion())
+		fmt.Printf("bitcaskd version %s", internal.FullVersion())
 		os.Exit(0)
 	}
 
@@ -54,70 +49,11 @@ func main() {
 
 	path := flag.Arg(0)
 
-	db, err := bitcask.Open(path, bitcask.WithMaxDatafileSize(maxDatafileSize))
+	server, err := newServer(bind, path)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.WithError(err).WithField("path", path).Error("error opening database")
-		os.Exit(1)
+		log.WithError(err).Error("error creating server")
+		os.Exit(2)
 	}
 
-	log.WithField("bind", bind).WithField("path", path).Infof("starting bitcaskd v%s", bitcask.FullVersion())
-
-	err = redcon.ListenAndServe(bind,
-		func(conn redcon.Conn, cmd redcon.Command) {
-			switch strings.ToLower(string(cmd.Args[0])) {
-			case "ping":
-				conn.WriteString("PONG")
-			case "quit":
-				conn.WriteString("OK")
-				conn.Close()
-			case "set":
-				if len(cmd.Args) != 3 {
-					conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
-					return
-				}
-				key := string(cmd.Args[0])
-				value := cmd.Args[1]
-				err = db.Put(key, value)
-				if err != nil {
-					conn.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("ERR: %s", err))
-				} else {
-					conn.WriteString("OK")
-				}
-			case "get":
-				if len(cmd.Args) != 2 {
-					conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
-					return
-				}
-				key := string(cmd.Args[0])
-				value, err := db.Get(key)
-				if err != nil {
-					conn.WriteNull()
-				} else {
-					conn.WriteBulk(value)
-				}
-			case "del":
-				if len(cmd.Args) != 2 {
-					conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
-					return
-				}
-				key := string(cmd.Args[0])
-				err := db.Delete(key)
-				if err != nil {
-					conn.WriteInt(0)
-				} else {
-					conn.WriteInt(1)
-				}
-			default:
-				conn.WriteError("ERR unknown command '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "'")
-			}
-		},
-		func(conn redcon.Conn) bool {
-			return true
-		},
-		func(conn redcon.Conn, err error) {
-		},
-	)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.WithError(err).Fatal("oops")
-	}
+	log.Fatal(server.Run())
 }

cmd/bitcaskd/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/tidwall/redcon"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask"
+)
+
+type server struct {
+	bind string
+	db   *bitcask.Bitcask
+}
+
+func newServer(bind, dbpath string) (*server, error) {
+	db, err := bitcask.Open(dbpath)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).WithField("dbpath", dbpath).Error("error opening database")
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &server{
+		bind: bind,
+		db:   db,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (s *server) handleSet(cmd redcon.Command, conn redcon.Conn) {
+	if len(cmd.Args) != 3 {
+		conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
+		return
+	}
+	key := cmd.Args[1]
+	value := cmd.Args[2]
+	if err := s.db.Put(key, value); err != nil {
+		conn.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("ERR: %s", err))
+	} else {
+		conn.WriteString("OK")
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *server) handleGet(cmd redcon.Command, conn redcon.Conn) {
+	if len(cmd.Args) != 2 {
+		conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
+		return
+	}
+	key := cmd.Args[1]
+	value, err := s.db.Get(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.WriteNull()
+	} else {
+		conn.WriteBulk(value)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *server) handleKeys(cmd redcon.Command, conn redcon.Conn) {
+	conn.WriteArray(s.db.Len())
+	for key := range s.db.Keys() {
+		conn.WriteBulk([]byte(key))
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *server) handleExists(cmd redcon.Command, conn redcon.Conn) {
+	if len(cmd.Args) != 2 {
+		conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
+		return
+	}
+	key := cmd.Args[1]
+	if s.db.Has(key) {
+		conn.WriteInt(1)
+	} else {
+		conn.WriteInt(0)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *server) handleDel(cmd redcon.Command, conn redcon.Conn) {
+	if len(cmd.Args) != 2 {
+		conn.WriteError("ERR wrong number of arguments for '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "' command")
+		return
+	}
+	key := cmd.Args[1]
+	if err := s.db.Delete(key); err != nil {
+		conn.WriteInt(0)
+	} else {
+		conn.WriteInt(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *server) Run() (err error) {
+	err = redcon.ListenAndServe(s.bind,
+		func(conn redcon.Conn, cmd redcon.Command) {
+			switch strings.ToLower(string(cmd.Args[0])) {
+			case "ping":
+				conn.WriteString("PONG")
+			case "quit":
+				conn.WriteString("OK")
+				conn.Close()
+			case "set":
+				s.handleSet(cmd, conn)
+			case "get":
+				s.handleGet(cmd, conn)
+			case "keys":
+				s.handleKeys(cmd, conn)
+			case "exists":
+				s.handleExists(cmd, conn)
+			case "del":
+				s.handleDel(cmd, conn)
+			default:
+				conn.WriteError("ERR unknown command '" + string(cmd.Args[0]) + "'")
+			}
+		},
+		func(conn redcon.Conn) bool {
+			return true
+		},
+		func(conn redcon.Conn, err error) {
+		},
+	)
+	return
+}

datafile.go

@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-package bitcask
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"time"
-
-	pb "github.com/prologic/bitcask/proto"
-	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/streampb"
-)
-
-const (
-	DefaultDatafileFilename = "%09d.data"
-)
-
-var (
-	ErrReadonly = errors.New("error: read only datafile")
-)
-
-type Datafile struct {
-	id  int
-	r   *os.File
-	w   *os.File
-	dec *streampb.Decoder
-	enc *streampb.Encoder
-}
-
-func NewDatafile(path string, id int, readonly bool) (*Datafile, error) {
-	var (
-		r   *os.File
-		w   *os.File
-		err error
-	)
-
-	fn := filepath.Join(path, fmt.Sprintf(DefaultDatafileFilename, id))
-
-	if !readonly {
-		w, err = os.OpenFile(fn, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE, 0640)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	r, err = os.Open(fn)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	dec := streampb.NewDecoder(r)
-	enc := streampb.NewEncoder(w)
-
-	return &Datafile{
-		id:  id,
-		r:   r,
-		w:   w,
-		dec: dec,
-		enc: enc,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) Name() string {
-	return df.r.Name()
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) Close() error {
-	if df.w == nil {
-		return df.r.Close()
-	}
-
-	err := df.Sync()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return df.w.Close()
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) Sync() error {
-	if df.w == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return df.w.Sync()
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) Size() (int64, error) {
-	var (
-		stat os.FileInfo
-		err  error
-	)
-
-	if df.w == nil {
-		stat, err = df.r.Stat()
-	} else {
-		stat, err = df.w.Stat()
-	}
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return -1, err
-	}
-
-	return stat.Size(), nil
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) Read() (pb.Entry, error) {
-	var e pb.Entry
-	return e, df.dec.Decode(&e)
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) ReadAt(index int64) (e pb.Entry, err error) {
-	_, err = df.r.Seek(index, os.SEEK_SET)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	return df.Read()
-}
-
-func (df *Datafile) Write(e pb.Entry) (int64, error) {
-	if df.w == nil {
-		return -1, ErrReadonly
-	}
-
-	stat, err := df.w.Stat()
-	if err != nil {
-		return -1, err
-	}
-
-	index := stat.Size()
-
-	e.Index = index
-	e.Timestamp = time.Now().Unix()
-
-	err = df.enc.Encode(&e)
-	if err != nil {
-		return -1, err
-	}
-
-	return index, nil
-}

doc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// Package bitcask implements a high-performance key-value store based on a
+// WAL and LSM.
+package bitcask

doc_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package bitcask
+
+func Example() {
+	_, _ = Open("path/to/db")
+}
+
+func Example_withOptions() {
+	opts := []Option{
+		WithMaxKeySize(1024),
+		WithMaxValueSize(4096),
+	}
+	_, _ = Open("path/to/db", opts...)
+}

entry.go

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-package bitcask
-
-import (
-	"hash/crc32"
-
-	pb "github.com/prologic/bitcask/proto"
-)
-
-func NewEntry(key string, value []byte) pb.Entry {
-	crc := crc32.ChecksumIEEE(value)
-
-	return pb.Entry{
-		CRC:   crc,
-		Key:   key,
-		Value: value,
-	}
-}

go.mod

@@ -1,20 +1,23 @@
 module github.com/prologic/bitcask
 
+go 1.13
+
 require (
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.7.1
-	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.2.1
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.2.0
-	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/jpillora/backoff v0.0.0-20180909062703-3050d21c67d7 // indirect
-	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0
+	github.com/konsorten/go-windows-terminal-sequences v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.8.1
-	github.com/prologic/msgbus v0.1.1
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v0.9.2 // indirect
-	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.3.0
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v0.0.3
+	github.com/plar/go-adaptive-radix-tree v1.0.1
+	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.4.2
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/cobra v0.0.5
+	github.com/spf13/jwalterweatherman v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.3
-	github.com/spf13/viper v1.3.1
+	github.com/spf13/viper v1.4.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0
-	github.com/tidwall/redcon v0.9.0
-	gopkg.in/vmihailenco/msgpack.v2 v2.9.1
+	github.com/tidwall/redcon v1.0.0
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190731235908-ec7cb31e5a56
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190804053845-51ab0e2deafa // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.3.2 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -1,89 +1,191 @@
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internal/config/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// Config contains the bitcask configuration parameters
+type Config struct {
+	MaxDatafileSize int    `json:"max_datafile_size"`
+	MaxKeySize      uint32 `json:"max_key_size"`
+	MaxValueSize    uint64 `json:"max_value_size"`
+	Sync            bool   `json:"sync"`
+}
+
+// Load loads a configuration from the given path
+func Load(path string) (*Config, error) {
+	var cfg Config
+
+	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &cfg, nil
+}
+
+// Save saves the configuration to the provided path
+func (c *Config) Save(path string) error {
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if _, err = f.Write(data); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = f.Sync(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return f.Close()
+}

internal/data/codec/decoder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package codec
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+)
+
+var (
+	errInvalidKeyOrValueSize = errors.New("key/value size is invalid")
+	errCantDecodeOnNilEntry  = errors.New("can't decode on nil entry")
+	errTruncatedData         = errors.New("data is truncated")
+)
+
+// NewDecoder creates a streaming Entry decoder.
+func NewDecoder(r io.Reader, maxKeySize uint32, maxValueSize uint64) *Decoder {
+	return &Decoder{
+		r:            r,
+		maxKeySize:   maxKeySize,
+		maxValueSize: maxValueSize,
+	}
+}
+
+// Decoder wraps an underlying io.Reader and allows you to stream
+// Entry decodings on it.
+type Decoder struct {
+	r            io.Reader
+	maxKeySize   uint32
+	maxValueSize uint64
+}
+
+// Decode decodes the next Entry from the current stream
+func (d *Decoder) Decode(v *internal.Entry) (int64, error) {
+	if v == nil {
+		return 0, errCantDecodeOnNilEntry
+	}
+
+	prefixBuf := make([]byte, keySize+valueSize)
+
+	_, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, prefixBuf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	actualKeySize, actualValueSize, err := getKeyValueSizes(prefixBuf, d.maxKeySize, d.maxValueSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	buf := make([]byte, uint64(actualKeySize)+actualValueSize+checksumSize)
+	if _, err = io.ReadFull(d.r, buf); err != nil {
+		return 0, errTruncatedData
+	}
+
+	decodeWithoutPrefix(buf, actualKeySize, v)
+	return int64(keySize + valueSize + uint64(actualKeySize) + actualValueSize + checksumSize), nil
+}
+
+// DecodeEntry decodes a serialized entry
+func DecodeEntry(b []byte, e *internal.Entry, maxKeySize uint32, maxValueSize uint64) error {
+	valueOffset, _, err := getKeyValueSizes(b, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "key/value sizes are invalid")
+	}
+
+	decodeWithoutPrefix(b[keySize+valueSize:], valueOffset, e)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func getKeyValueSizes(buf []byte, maxKeySize uint32, maxValueSize uint64) (uint32, uint64, error) {
+	actualKeySize := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(buf[:keySize])
+	actualValueSize := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(buf[keySize:])
+
+	if actualKeySize > maxKeySize || actualValueSize > maxValueSize || actualKeySize == 0 {
+
+		return 0, 0, errInvalidKeyOrValueSize
+	}
+
+	return actualKeySize, actualValueSize, nil
+}
+
+func decodeWithoutPrefix(buf []byte, valueOffset uint32, v *internal.Entry) {
+	v.Key = buf[:valueOffset]
+	v.Value = buf[valueOffset : len(buf)-checksumSize]
+	v.Checksum = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(buf[len(buf)-checksumSize:])
+}
+
+// IsCorruptedData indicates if the error correspondes to possible data corruption
+func IsCorruptedData(err error) bool {
+	switch err {
+	case errCantDecodeOnNilEntry, errInvalidKeyOrValueSize, errTruncatedData:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}

internal/data/codec/decoder_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package codec
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestDecodeOnNilEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	decoder := NewDecoder(&bytes.Buffer{}, 1, 1)
+
+	_, err := decoder.Decode(nil)
+	if assert.Error(err) {
+		assert.Equal(errCantDecodeOnNilEntry, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShortPrefix(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	maxKeySize, maxValueSize := uint32(10), uint64(20)
+	prefix := make([]byte, keySize+valueSize)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(prefix, 1)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(prefix[keySize:], 1)
+
+	truncBytesCount := 2
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(prefix[:keySize+valueSize-truncBytesCount])
+	decoder := NewDecoder(buf, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+	_, err := decoder.Decode(&internal.Entry{})
+	if assert.Error(err) {
+		assert.Equal(io.ErrUnexpectedEOF, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInvalidValueKeySizes(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	maxKeySize, maxValueSize := uint32(10), uint64(20)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		keySize   uint32
+		valueSize uint64
+		name      string
+	}{
+		{keySize: 0, valueSize: 5, name: "zero key size"}, //zero value size is correct for tombstones
+		{keySize: 11, valueSize: 5, name: "key size overflow"},
+		{keySize: 5, valueSize: 21, name: "value size overflow"},
+		{keySize: 11, valueSize: 21, name: "key and value size overflow"},
+	}
+
+	for i := range tests {
+		i := i
+		t.Run(tests[i].name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			prefix := make([]byte, keySize+valueSize)
+			binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(prefix, tests[i].keySize)
+			binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(prefix[keySize:], tests[i].valueSize)
+
+			buf := bytes.NewBuffer(prefix)
+			decoder := NewDecoder(buf, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+			_, err := decoder.Decode(&internal.Entry{})
+			if assert.Error(err) {
+				assert.Equal(errInvalidKeyOrValueSize, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTruncatedData(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	maxKeySize, maxValueSize := uint32(10), uint64(20)
+
+	key := []byte("foo")
+	value := []byte("bar")
+	data := make([]byte, keySize+valueSize+len(key)+len(value)+checksumSize)
+
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(data, uint32(len(key)))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(data[keySize:], uint64(len(value)))
+	copy(data[keySize+valueSize:], key)
+	copy(data[keySize+valueSize+len(key):], value)
+	copy(data[keySize+valueSize+len(key)+len(value):], bytes.Repeat([]byte("0"), checksumSize))
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		data []byte
+		name string
+	}{
+		{data: data[:keySize+valueSize+len(key)-1], name: "truncated key"},
+		{data: data[:keySize+valueSize+len(key)+len(value)-1], name: "truncated value"},
+		{data: data[:keySize+valueSize+len(key)+len(value)+checksumSize-1], name: "truncated checksum"},
+	}
+
+	for i := range tests {
+		i := i
+		t.Run(tests[i].name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			buf := bytes.NewBuffer(tests[i].data)
+			decoder := NewDecoder(buf, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+			_, err := decoder.Decode(&internal.Entry{})
+			if assert.Error(err) {
+				assert.Equal(errTruncatedData, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/data/codec/encoder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package codec
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+)
+
+const (
+	keySize      = 4
+	valueSize    = 8
+	checksumSize = 4
+)
+
+// NewEncoder creates a streaming Entry encoder.
+func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder {
+	return &Encoder{w: bufio.NewWriter(w)}
+}
+
+// Encoder wraps an underlying io.Writer and allows you to stream
+// Entry encodings on it.
+type Encoder struct {
+	w *bufio.Writer
+}
+
+// Encode takes any Entry and streams it to the underlying writer.
+// Messages are framed with a key-length and value-length prefix.
+func (e *Encoder) Encode(msg internal.Entry) (int64, error) {
+	var bufKeyValue = make([]byte, keySize+valueSize)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(bufKeyValue[:keySize], uint32(len(msg.Key)))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bufKeyValue[keySize:keySize+valueSize], uint64(len(msg.Value)))
+	if _, err := e.w.Write(bufKeyValue); err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "failed writing key & value length prefix")
+	}
+
+	if _, err := e.w.Write(msg.Key); err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "failed writing key data")
+	}
+	if _, err := e.w.Write(msg.Value); err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "failed writing value data")
+	}
+
+	bufChecksumSize := bufKeyValue[:checksumSize]
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(bufChecksumSize, msg.Checksum)
+	if _, err := e.w.Write(bufChecksumSize); err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "failed writing checksum data")
+	}
+
+	if err := e.w.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "failed flushing data")
+	}
+
+	return int64(keySize + valueSize + len(msg.Key) + len(msg.Value) + checksumSize), nil
+}

internal/data/codec/encoder_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package codec
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestEncode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	encoder := NewEncoder(&buf)
+	_, err := encoder.Encode(internal.Entry{
+		Key:      []byte("mykey"),
+		Value:    []byte("myvalue"),
+		Checksum: 414141,
+		Offset:   424242,
+	})
+
+	expectedHex := "0000000500000000000000076d796b65796d7976616c7565000651bd"
+	if assert.NoError(err) {
+		assert.Equal(expectedHex, hex.EncodeToString(buf.Bytes()))
+	}
+}

internal/data/datafile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+package data
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/data/codec"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/mmap"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultDatafileFilename = "%09d.data"
+)
+
+var (
+	errReadonly  = errors.New("error: read only datafile")
+	errReadError = errors.New("error: read error")
+
+	mxMemPool sync.RWMutex
+)
+
+// Datafile is an interface  that represents a readable and writeable datafile
+type Datafile interface {
+	FileID() int
+	Name() string
+	Close() error
+	Sync() error
+	Size() int64
+	Read() (internal.Entry, int64, error)
+	ReadAt(index, size int64) (internal.Entry, error)
+	Write(internal.Entry) (int64, int64, error)
+}
+
+type datafile struct {
+	sync.RWMutex
+
+	id           int
+	r            *os.File
+	ra           *mmap.ReaderAt
+	w            *os.File
+	offset       int64
+	dec          *codec.Decoder
+	enc          *codec.Encoder
+	maxKeySize   uint32
+	maxValueSize uint64
+}
+
+// NewDatafile opens an existing datafile
+func NewDatafile(path string, id int, readonly bool, maxKeySize uint32, maxValueSize uint64) (Datafile, error) {
+	var (
+		r   *os.File
+		ra  *mmap.ReaderAt
+		w   *os.File
+		err error
+	)
+
+	fn := filepath.Join(path, fmt.Sprintf(defaultDatafileFilename, id))
+
+	if !readonly {
+		w, err = os.OpenFile(fn, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE, 0640)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	r, err = os.Open(fn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	stat, err := r.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error calling Stat()")
+	}
+
+	ra, err = mmap.Open(fn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	offset := stat.Size()
+
+	dec := codec.NewDecoder(r, maxKeySize, maxValueSize)
+	enc := codec.NewEncoder(w)
+
+	return &datafile{
+		id:           id,
+		r:            r,
+		ra:           ra,
+		w:            w,
+		offset:       offset,
+		dec:          dec,
+		enc:          enc,
+		maxKeySize:   maxKeySize,
+		maxValueSize: maxValueSize,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (df *datafile) FileID() int {
+	return df.id
+}
+
+func (df *datafile) Name() string {
+	return df.r.Name()
+}
+
+func (df *datafile) Close() error {
+	defer func() {
+		df.ra.Close()
+		df.r.Close()
+	}()
+
+	// Readonly datafile -- Nothing further to close on the write side
+	if df.w == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := df.Sync()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return df.w.Close()
+}
+
+func (df *datafile) Sync() error {
+	if df.w == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return df.w.Sync()
+}
+
+func (df *datafile) Size() int64 {
+	df.RLock()
+	defer df.RUnlock()
+	return df.offset
+}
+
+// Read reads the next entry from the datafile
+func (df *datafile) Read() (e internal.Entry, n int64, err error) {
+	df.Lock()
+	defer df.Unlock()
+
+	n, err = df.dec.Decode(&e)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// ReadAt the entry located at index offset with expected serialized size
+func (df *datafile) ReadAt(index, size int64) (e internal.Entry, err error) {
+	var n int
+
+	b := make([]byte, size)
+
+	if df.w == nil {
+		n, err = df.ra.ReadAt(b, index)
+	} else {
+		n, err = df.r.ReadAt(b, index)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if int64(n) != size {
+		err = errReadError
+		return
+	}
+
+	codec.DecodeEntry(b, &e, df.maxKeySize, df.maxValueSize)
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (df *datafile) Write(e internal.Entry) (int64, int64, error) {
+	if df.w == nil {
+		return -1, 0, errReadonly
+	}
+
+	df.Lock()
+	defer df.Unlock()
+
+	e.Offset = df.offset
+
+	n, err := df.enc.Encode(e)
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, 0, err
+	}
+	df.offset += n
+
+	return e.Offset, n, nil
+}

internal/entry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"hash/crc32"
+)
+
+// Entry represents a key/value in the database
+type Entry struct {
+	Checksum uint32
+	Key      []byte
+	Offset   int64
+	Value    []byte
+}
+
+// NewEntry creates a new `Entry` with the given `key` and `value`
+func NewEntry(key, value []byte) Entry {
+	checksum := crc32.ChecksumIEEE(value)
+
+	return Entry{
+		Checksum: checksum,
+		Key:      key,
+		Value:    value,
+	}
+}

internal/index/codec_index.go

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+package index
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	art "github.com/plar/go-adaptive-radix-tree"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+)
+
+var (
+	errTruncatedKeySize = errors.New("key size is truncated")
+	errTruncatedKeyData = errors.New("key data is truncated")
+	errTruncatedData    = errors.New("data is truncated")
+	errKeySizeTooLarge  = errors.New("key size too large")
+)
+
+const (
+	int32Size  = 4
+	int64Size  = 8
+	fileIDSize = int32Size
+	offsetSize = int64Size
+	sizeSize   = int64Size
+)
+
+func readKeyBytes(r io.Reader, maxKeySize uint32) ([]byte, error) {
+	s := make([]byte, int32Size)
+	_, err := io.ReadFull(r, s)
+	if err != nil {
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(errTruncatedKeySize, err.Error())
+	}
+	size := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(s)
+	if size > uint32(maxKeySize) {
+		return nil, errKeySizeTooLarge
+	}
+
+	b := make([]byte, size)
+	_, err = io.ReadFull(r, b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(errTruncatedKeyData, err.Error())
+	}
+	return b, nil
+}
+
+func writeBytes(b []byte, w io.Writer) error {
+	s := make([]byte, int32Size)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(s, uint32(len(b)))
+	_, err := w.Write(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, err = w.Write(b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readItem(r io.Reader) (internal.Item, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, (fileIDSize + offsetSize + sizeSize))
+	_, err := io.ReadFull(r, buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return internal.Item{}, errors.Wrap(errTruncatedData, err.Error())
+	}
+
+	return internal.Item{
+		FileID: int(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(buf[:fileIDSize])),
+		Offset: int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(buf[fileIDSize:(fileIDSize + offsetSize)])),
+		Size:   int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(buf[(fileIDSize + offsetSize):])),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func writeItem(item internal.Item, w io.Writer) error {
+	buf := make([]byte, (fileIDSize + offsetSize + sizeSize))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[:fileIDSize], uint32(item.FileID))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[fileIDSize:(fileIDSize+offsetSize)], uint64(item.Offset))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf[(fileIDSize+offsetSize):], uint64(item.Size))
+	_, err := w.Write(buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ReadIndex reads a persisted from a io.Reader into a Tree
+func readIndex(r io.Reader, t art.Tree, maxKeySize uint32) error {
+	for {
+		key, err := readKeyBytes(r, maxKeySize)
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				break
+			}
+			return err
+		}
+
+		item, err := readItem(r)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		t.Insert(key, item)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func writeIndex(t art.Tree, w io.Writer) (err error) {
+	t.ForEach(func(node art.Node) bool {
+		err = writeBytes(node.Key(), w)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		item := node.Value().(internal.Item)
+		err := writeItem(item, w)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		return true
+	})
+	return
+}
+
+// IsIndexCorruption returns a boolean indicating whether the error
+// is known to report a corruption data issue
+func IsIndexCorruption(err error) bool {
+	cause := errors.Cause(err)
+	switch cause {
+	case errKeySizeTooLarge, errTruncatedData, errTruncatedKeyData, errTruncatedKeySize:
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}

internal/index/codec_index_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+package index
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	art "github.com/plar/go-adaptive-radix-tree"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+)
+
+const (
+	base64SampleTree = "AAAABGFiY2QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARhYmNlAAAAAQAAAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAEYWJjZgAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAAACAAAABGFiZ2QAAAADAAAAAAAAAAMAAAAAAAAAAw=="
+)
+
+func TestWriteIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	at, expectedSerializedSize := getSampleTree()
+
+	var b bytes.Buffer
+	err := writeIndex(at, &b)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("writing index failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if b.Len() != expectedSerializedSize {
+		t.Fatalf("incorrect size of serialied index: expected %d, got: %d", expectedSerializedSize, b.Len())
+	}
+	sampleTreeBytes, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(base64SampleTree)
+	if !bytes.Equal(b.Bytes(), sampleTreeBytes) {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected serialization of the tree")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	sampleTreeBytes, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(base64SampleTree)
+	b := bytes.NewBuffer(sampleTreeBytes)
+
+	at := art.New()
+	err := readIndex(b, at, 1024)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("error while deserializing correct sample tree: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	atsample, _ := getSampleTree()
+	if atsample.Size() != at.Size() {
+		t.Fatalf("trees aren't the same size, expected %v, got %v", atsample.Size(), at.Size())
+	}
+	atsample.ForEach(func(node art.Node) bool {
+		_, found := at.Search(node.Key())
+		if !found {
+			t.Fatalf("expected node wasn't found: %s", node.Key())
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+}
+
+func TestReadCorruptedData(t *testing.T) {
+	sampleBytes, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(base64SampleTree)
+
+	t.Run("truncated", func(t *testing.T) {
+		table := []struct {
+			name string
+			err  error
+			data []byte
+		}{
+			{name: "key-size-first-item", err: errTruncatedKeySize, data: sampleBytes[:2]},
+			{name: "key-data-second-item", err: errTruncatedKeyData, data: sampleBytes[:6]},
+			{name: "key-size-second-item", err: errTruncatedKeySize, data: sampleBytes[:(int32Size+4+fileIDSize+offsetSize+sizeSize)+2]},
+			{name: "key-data-second-item", err: errTruncatedKeyData, data: sampleBytes[:(int32Size+4+fileIDSize+offsetSize+sizeSize)+6]},
+			{name: "data", err: errTruncatedData, data: sampleBytes[:int32Size+4+(fileIDSize+offsetSize+sizeSize-3)]},
+		}
+
+		for i := range table {
+			t.Run(table[i].name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				bf := bytes.NewBuffer(table[i].data)
+
+				if err := readIndex(bf, art.New(), 1024); !IsIndexCorruption(err) || errors.Cause(err) != table[i].err {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %v, got %v", table[i].err, err)
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("overflow", func(t *testing.T) {
+		overflowKeySize := make([]byte, len(sampleBytes))
+		copy(overflowKeySize, sampleBytes)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(overflowKeySize, 1025)
+
+		overflowDataSize := make([]byte, len(sampleBytes))
+		copy(overflowDataSize, sampleBytes)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(overflowDataSize[int32Size+4+fileIDSize+offsetSize:], 1025)
+
+		table := []struct {
+			name       string
+			err        error
+			maxKeySize uint32
+			data       []byte
+		}{
+			{name: "key-data-overflow", err: errKeySizeTooLarge, maxKeySize: 1024, data: overflowKeySize},
+		}
+
+		for i := range table {
+			t.Run(table[i].name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				bf := bytes.NewBuffer(table[i].data)
+
+				if err := readIndex(bf, art.New(), table[i].maxKeySize); !IsIndexCorruption(err) || errors.Cause(err) != table[i].err {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %v, got %v", table[i].err, err)
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	})
+
+}
+
+func getSampleTree() (art.Tree, int) {
+	at := art.New()
+	keys := [][]byte{[]byte("abcd"), []byte("abce"), []byte("abcf"), []byte("abgd")}
+	expectedSerializedSize := 0
+	for i := range keys {
+		at.Insert(keys[i], internal.Item{FileID: i, Offset: int64(i), Size: int64(i)})
+		expectedSerializedSize += int32Size + len(keys[i]) + fileIDSize + offsetSize + sizeSize
+	}
+
+	return at, expectedSerializedSize
+}

internal/index/index.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package index
+
+import (
+	"os"
+
+	art "github.com/plar/go-adaptive-radix-tree"
+	"github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+)
+
+// Indexer is an interface for loading and saving the index (an Adaptive Radix Tree)
+type Indexer interface {
+	Load(path string, maxkeySize uint32) (art.Tree, bool, error)
+	Save(t art.Tree, path string) error
+}
+
+// NewIndexer returns an instance of the default `Indexer` implemtnation
+// which perists the index (an Adaptive Radix Tree) as a binary blob on file
+func NewIndexer() Indexer {
+	return &indexer{}
+}
+
+type indexer struct{}
+
+func (i *indexer) Load(path string, maxKeySize uint32) (art.Tree, bool, error) {
+	t := art.New()
+
+	if !internal.Exists(path) {
+		return t, false, nil
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return t, true, err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if err := readIndex(f, t, maxKeySize); err != nil {
+		return t, true, err
+	}
+	return t, true, nil
+}
+
+func (i *indexer) Save(t art.Tree, path string) error {
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if err := writeIndex(t, f); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := f.Sync(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return f.Close()
+}

internal/item.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package internal
+
+// Item represents the location of the value on disk. This is used by the
+// internal Adaptive Radix Tree to hold an in-memory structure mapping keys to
+// locations on disk of where the value(s) can be read from.
+type Item struct {
+	FileID int   `json:"fileid"`
+	Offset int64 `json:"offset"`
+	Size   int64 `json:"size"`
+}

internal/mocks/datafile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Code generated by mockery v1.0.0. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package mocks
+
+import internal "github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal"
+import mock "github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
+
+// Datafile is an autogenerated mock type for the Datafile type
+type Datafile struct {
+	mock.Mock
+}
+
+// Close provides a mock function with given fields:
+func (_m *Datafile) Close() error {
+	ret := _m.Called()
+
+	var r0 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func() error); ok {
+		r0 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Error(0)
+	}
+
+	return r0
+}
+
+// FileID provides a mock function with given fields:
+func (_m *Datafile) FileID() int {
+	ret := _m.Called()
+
+	var r0 int
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func() int); ok {
+		r0 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Get(0).(int)
+	}
+
+	return r0
+}
+
+// Name provides a mock function with given fields:
+func (_m *Datafile) Name() string {
+	ret := _m.Called()
+
+	var r0 string
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func() string); ok {
+		r0 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Get(0).(string)
+	}
+
+	return r0
+}
+
+// Read provides a mock function with given fields:
+func (_m *Datafile) Read() (internal.Entry, int64, error) {
+	ret := _m.Called()
+
+	var r0 internal.Entry
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func() internal.Entry); ok {
+		r0 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Get(0).(internal.Entry)
+	}
+
+	var r1 int64
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(1).(func() int64); ok {
+		r1 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r1 = ret.Get(1).(int64)
+	}
+
+	var r2 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(2).(func() error); ok {
+		r2 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r2 = ret.Error(2)
+	}
+
+	return r0, r1, r2
+}
+
+// ReadAt provides a mock function with given fields: index, size
+func (_m *Datafile) ReadAt(index int64, size int64) (internal.Entry, error) {
+	ret := _m.Called(index, size)
+
+	var r0 internal.Entry
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func(int64, int64) internal.Entry); ok {
+		r0 = rf(index, size)
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Get(0).(internal.Entry)
+	}
+
+	var r1 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(1).(func(int64, int64) error); ok {
+		r1 = rf(index, size)
+	} else {
+		r1 = ret.Error(1)
+	}
+
+	return r0, r1
+}
+
+// Size provides a mock function with given fields:
+func (_m *Datafile) Size() int64 {
+	ret := _m.Called()
+
+	var r0 int64
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func() int64); ok {
+		r0 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Get(0).(int64)
+	}
+
+	return r0
+}
+
+// Sync provides a mock function with given fields:
+func (_m *Datafile) Sync() error {
+	ret := _m.Called()
+
+	var r0 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func() error); ok {
+		r0 = rf()
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Error(0)
+	}
+
+	return r0
+}
+
+// Write provides a mock function with given fields: _a0
+func (_m *Datafile) Write(_a0 internal.Entry) (int64, int64, error) {
+	ret := _m.Called(_a0)
+
+	var r0 int64
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func(internal.Entry) int64); ok {
+		r0 = rf(_a0)
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Get(0).(int64)
+	}
+
+	var r1 int64
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(1).(func(internal.Entry) int64); ok {
+		r1 = rf(_a0)
+	} else {
+		r1 = ret.Get(1).(int64)
+	}
+
+	var r2 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(2).(func(internal.Entry) error); ok {
+		r2 = rf(_a0)
+	} else {
+		r2 = ret.Error(2)
+	}
+
+	return r0, r1, r2
+}

internal/mocks/indexer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Code generated by mockery v1.0.0. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package mocks
+
+import art "github.com/plar/go-adaptive-radix-tree"
+
+import mock "github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
+
+// Indexer is an autogenerated mock type for the Indexer type
+type Indexer struct {
+	mock.Mock
+}
+
+// Load provides a mock function with given fields: path, maxkeySize
+func (_m *Indexer) Load(path string, maxkeySize uint32) (art.Tree, bool, error) {
+	ret := _m.Called(path, maxkeySize)
+
+	var r0 art.Tree
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func(string, uint32) art.Tree); ok {
+		r0 = rf(path, maxkeySize)
+	} else {
+		if ret.Get(0) != nil {
+			r0 = ret.Get(0).(art.Tree)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var r1 bool
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(1).(func(string, uint32) bool); ok {
+		r1 = rf(path, maxkeySize)
+	} else {
+		r1 = ret.Get(1).(bool)
+	}
+
+	var r2 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(2).(func(string, uint32) error); ok {
+		r2 = rf(path, maxkeySize)
+	} else {
+		r2 = ret.Error(2)
+	}
+
+	return r0, r1, r2
+}
+
+// Save provides a mock function with given fields: t, path
+func (_m *Indexer) Save(t art.Tree, path string) error {
+	ret := _m.Called(t, path)
+
+	var r0 error
+	if rf, ok := ret.Get(0).(func(art.Tree, string) error); ok {
+		r0 = rf(t, path)
+	} else {
+		r0 = ret.Error(0)
+	}
+
+	return r0
+}

internal/utils.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Exists returns `true` if the given `path` on the current file system exists
+func Exists(path string) bool {
+	_, err := os.Stat(path)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// DirSize returns the space occupied by the given `path` on disk on the current
+// file system.
+func DirSize(path string) (int64, error) {
+	var size int64
+	err := filepath.Walk(path, func(_ string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !info.IsDir() {
+			size += info.Size()
+		}
+		return err
+	})
+	return size, err
+}
+
+// GetDatafiles returns a list of all data files stored in the database path
+// given by `path`. All datafiles are identified by the the glob `*.data` and
+// the basename is represented by an monotomic increasing integer.
+func GetDatafiles(path string) ([]string, error) {
+	fns, err := filepath.Glob(fmt.Sprintf("%s/*.data", path))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sort.Strings(fns)
+	return fns, nil
+}
+
+// ParseIds will parse a list of datafiles as returned by `GetDatafiles` and
+// extract the id part and return a slice of ints.
+func ParseIds(fns []string) ([]int, error) {
+	var ids []int
+	for _, fn := range fns {
+		fn = filepath.Base(fn)
+		ext := filepath.Ext(fn)
+		if ext != ".data" {
+			continue
+		}
+		id, err := strconv.ParseInt(strings.TrimSuffix(fn, ext), 10, 32)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		ids = append(ids, int(id))
+	}
+	sort.Ints(ids)
+	return ids, nil
+}

internal/version.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package bitcask
+package internal
 
 import (
 	"fmt"

internal/version_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package bitcask
+package internal
 
 import (
 	"fmt"

keydir.go

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-package bitcask
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/gob"
-	"io"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"sync"
-)
-
-type Item struct {
-	FileID    int
-	Index     int64
-	Timestamp int64
-}
-
-type Keydir struct {
-	sync.RWMutex
-	kv map[string]Item
-}
-
-func NewKeydir() *Keydir {
-	return &Keydir{
-		kv: make(map[string]Item),
-	}
-}
-
-func (k *Keydir) Add(key string, fileid int, index, timestamp int64) {
-	k.Lock()
-	defer k.Unlock()
-
-	k.kv[key] = Item{
-		FileID:    fileid,
-		Index:     index,
-		Timestamp: timestamp,
-	}
-}
-
-func (k *Keydir) Get(key string) (Item, bool) {
-	k.RLock()
-	defer k.RUnlock()
-
-	item, ok := k.kv[key]
-	return item, ok
-}
-
-func (k *Keydir) Delete(key string) {
-	k.Lock()
-	defer k.Unlock()
-
-	delete(k.kv, key)
-}
-
-func (k *Keydir) Keys() chan string {
-	ch := make(chan string)
-	go func() {
-		for k := range k.kv {
-			ch <- k
-		}
-		close(ch)
-	}()
-	return ch
-}
-
-func (k *Keydir) Bytes() ([]byte, error) {
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	enc := gob.NewEncoder(&buf)
-	err := enc.Encode(k.kv)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return buf.Bytes(), nil
-}
-
-func (k *Keydir) Save(fn string) error {
-	data, err := k.Bytes()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return ioutil.WriteFile(fn, data, 0644)
-}
-
-func NewKeydirFromBytes(r io.Reader) (*Keydir, error) {
-	k := NewKeydir()
-	dec := gob.NewDecoder(r)
-	err := dec.Decode(&k.kv)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return k, nil
-}

options.go

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package bitcask
+
+import "github.com/prologic/bitcask/internal/config"
+
+const (
+	// DefaultMaxDatafileSize is the default maximum datafile size in bytes
+	DefaultMaxDatafileSize = 1 << 20 // 1MB
+
+	// DefaultMaxKeySize is the default maximum key size in bytes
+	DefaultMaxKeySize = uint32(64) // 64 bytes
+
+	// DefaultMaxValueSize is the default value size in bytes
+	DefaultMaxValueSize = uint64(1 << 16) // 65KB
+
+	// DefaultSync is the default file synchronization action
+	DefaultSync = false
+)
+
+// Option is a function that takes a config struct and modifies it
+type Option func(*config.Config) error
+
+// WithMaxDatafileSize sets the maximum datafile size option
+func WithMaxDatafileSize(size int) Option {
+	return func(cfg *config.Config) error {
+		cfg.MaxDatafileSize = size
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// WithMaxKeySize sets the maximum key size option
+func WithMaxKeySize(size uint32) Option {
+	return func(cfg *config.Config) error {
+		cfg.MaxKeySize = size
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// WithMaxValueSize sets the maximum value size option
+func WithMaxValueSize(size uint64) Option {
+	return func(cfg *config.Config) error {
+		cfg.MaxValueSize = size
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// WithSync causes Sync() to be called on every key/value written increasing
+// durability and safety at the expense of performance
+func WithSync(sync bool) Option {
+	return func(cfg *config.Config) error {
+		cfg.Sync = sync
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func newDefaultConfig() *config.Config {
+	return &config.Config{
+		MaxDatafileSize: DefaultMaxDatafileSize,
+		MaxKeySize:      DefaultMaxKeySize,
+		MaxValueSize:    DefaultMaxValueSize,
+		Sync:            DefaultSync,
+	}
+}

proto/doc.go

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-package proto
-
-//go:generate protoc --go_out=. entry.proto

proto/entry.pb.go

@@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
-// Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
-// source: entry.proto
-
-package proto
-
-import proto "github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
-import fmt "fmt"
-import math "math"
-
-// Reference imports to suppress errors if they are not otherwise used.
-var _ = proto.Marshal
-var _ = fmt.Errorf
-var _ = math.Inf
-
-// This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
-// is compatible with the proto package it is being compiled against.
-// A compilation error at this line likely means your copy of the
-// proto package needs to be updated.
-const _ = proto.ProtoPackageIsVersion2 // please upgrade the proto package
-
-type Entry struct {
-	CRC                  uint32   `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=CRC,proto3" json:"CRC,omitempty"`
-	Key                  string   `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=Key,proto3" json:"Key,omitempty"`
-	Index                int64    `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=Index,proto3" json:"Index,omitempty"`
-	Value                []byte   `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=Value,proto3" json:"Value,omitempty"`
-	Timestamp            int64    `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=Timestamp,proto3" json:"Timestamp,omitempty"`
-	XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{} `json:"-"`
-	XXX_unrecognized     []byte   `json:"-"`
-	XXX_sizecache        int32    `json:"-"`
-}
-
-func (m *Entry) Reset()         { *m = Entry{} }
-func (m *Entry) String() string { return proto.CompactTextString(m) }
-func (*Entry) ProtoMessage()    {}
-func (*Entry) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return fileDescriptor_entry_4f5906245d08394f, []int{0}
-}
-func (m *Entry) XXX_Unmarshal(b []byte) error {
-	return xxx_messageInfo_Entry.Unmarshal(m, b)
-}
-func (m *Entry) XXX_Marshal(b []byte, deterministic bool) ([]byte, error) {
-	return xxx_messageInfo_Entry.Marshal(b, m, deterministic)
-}
-func (dst *Entry) XXX_Merge(src proto.Message) {
-	xxx_messageInfo_Entry.Merge(dst, src)
-}
-func (m *Entry) XXX_Size() int {
-	return xxx_messageInfo_Entry.Size(m)
-}
-func (m *Entry) XXX_DiscardUnknown() {
-	xxx_messageInfo_Entry.DiscardUnknown(m)
-}
-
-var xxx_messageInfo_Entry proto.InternalMessageInfo
-
-func (m *Entry) GetCRC() uint32 {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.CRC
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (m *Entry) GetKey() string {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.Key
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (m *Entry) GetIndex() int64 {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.Index
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (m *Entry) GetValue() []byte {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.Value
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *Entry) GetTimestamp() int64 {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.Timestamp
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func init() {
-	proto.RegisterType((*Entry)(nil), "proto.Entry")
-}
-
-func init() { proto.RegisterFile("entry.proto", fileDescriptor_entry_4f5906245d08394f) }
-
-var fileDescriptor_entry_4f5906245d08394f = []byte{
-	// 134 bytes of a gzipped FileDescriptorProto
-	0x1f, 0x8b, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0xff, 0xe2, 0xe2, 0x4e, 0xcd, 0x2b, 0x29,
-	0xaa, 0xd4, 0x2b, 0x28, 0xca, 0x2f, 0xc9, 0x17, 0x62, 0x05, 0x53, 0x4a, 0xa5, 0x5c, 0xac, 0xae,
-	0x20, 0x51, 0x21, 0x01, 0x2e, 0x66, 0xe7, 0x20, 0x67, 0x09, 0x46, 0x05, 0x46, 0x0d, 0xde, 0x20,
-	0x10, 0x13, 0x24, 0xe2, 0x9d, 0x5a, 0x29, 0xc1, 0xa4, 0xc0, 0xa8, 0xc1, 0x19, 0x04, 0x62, 0x0a,
-	0x89, 0x70, 0xb1, 0x7a, 0xe6, 0xa5, 0xa4, 0x56, 0x48, 0x30, 0x2b, 0x30, 0x6a, 0x30, 0x07, 0x41,
-	0x38, 0x20, 0xd1, 0xb0, 0xc4, 0x9c, 0xd2, 0x54, 0x09, 0x16, 0x05, 0x46, 0x0d, 0x9e, 0x20, 0x08,
-	0x47, 0x48, 0x86, 0x8b, 0x33, 0x24, 0x33, 0x37, 0xb5, 0xb8, 0x24, 0x31, 0xb7, 0x40, 0x82, 0x15,
-	0xac, 0x1e, 0x21, 0x90, 0xc4, 0x06, 0xb6, 0xdd, 0x18, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0x07, 0x99,
-	0x47, 0xb9, 0x93, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
-}

proto/entry.proto

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-package proto;
-
-message Entry {
-	uint32 CRC = 1;
-	string Key = 2;
-	int64 Index = 3;
-	bytes Value = 4;
-	int64 Timestamp = 5;
-}

streampb/stream.go

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-package streampb
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"io"
-
-	"github.com/gogo/protobuf/proto"
-	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-)
-
-const (
-	// prefixSize is the number of bytes we preallocate for storing
-	// our big endian lenth prefix buffer.
-	prefixSize = 8
-)
-
-// NewEncoder creates a streaming protobuf encoder.
-func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder {
-	return &Encoder{w: w, prefixBuf: make([]byte, prefixSize)}
-}
-
-// Encoder wraps an underlying io.Writer and allows you to stream
-// proto encodings on it.
-type Encoder struct {
-	w         io.Writer
-	prefixBuf []byte
-}
-
-// Encode takes any proto.Message and streams it to the underlying writer.
-// Messages are framed with a length prefix.
-func (e *Encoder) Encode(msg proto.Message) error {
-	buf, err := proto.Marshal(msg)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(e.prefixBuf, uint64(len(buf)))
-
-	if _, err := e.w.Write(e.prefixBuf); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed writing length prefix")
-	}
-
-	_, err = e.w.Write(buf)
-	return errors.Wrap(err, "failed writing marshaled data")
-}
-
-// NewDecoder creates a streaming protobuf decoder.
-func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder {
-	return &Decoder{
-		r:         r,
-		prefixBuf: make([]byte, prefixSize),
-	}
-}
-
-// Decoder wraps an underlying io.Reader and allows you to stream
-// proto decodings on it.
-type Decoder struct {
-	r         io.Reader
-	prefixBuf []byte
-}
-
-// Decode takes a proto.Message and unmarshals the next payload in the
-// underlying io.Reader. It returns an EOF when it's done.
-func (d *Decoder) Decode(v proto.Message) error {
-	_, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, d.prefixBuf)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	n := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(d.prefixBuf)
-
-	buf := make([]byte, n)
-
-	idx := uint64(0)
-	for idx < n {
-		m, err := d.r.Read(buf[idx:n])
-		if err != nil {
-			return errors.Wrap(translateError(err), "failed reading marshaled data")
-		}
-		idx += uint64(m)
-	}
-	return proto.Unmarshal(buf[:n], v)
-}
-
-func translateError(err error) error {
-	if err == io.EOF {
-		return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	return err
-}

tools/release.sh

@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ fi
 
 echo "Releasing ${TAG} ..."
 
-git tag -a -s -m "Relase ${TAG}" "${TAG}"
+git tag -a -s -m "Release ${TAG}" "${TAG}"
 git push --tags
 goreleaser release --rm-dist