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Post-quantum NewHope key exchange algorithm

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This commit is contained in:
Rhys Weatherley 2016-08-18 18:33:44 +10:00
parent e1bf1808c1
commit 6c4ec0cb23
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1
doc/Doxyfile
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@ -664,6 +664,7 @@ INPUT = ../libraries/LCD \
../libraries/DMD \
../libraries/IR \
../libraries/Crypto \
../libraries/NewHope \
../libraries/RingOscillatorNoiseSource \
../libraries/TransistorNoiseSource \
../libraries/Shell \

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doc/crypto.dox
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@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
\li Extendable output functions (XOF's): SHAKE128, SHAKE256
\li Message authenticators: Poly1305, GHASH, OMAC
\li Public key algorithms: Curve25519, Ed25519, P521
\li Post-quantum algorithms: NewHope
\li Random number generation: \link RNGClass RNG\endlink, TransistorNoiseSource, RingOscillatorNoiseSource
All cryptographic algorithms have been optimized for 8-bit Arduino platforms
@ -141,6 +142,9 @@ Where a cipher supports more than one key size (such as ChaCha), the values
are typically almost identical for 128-bit and 256-bit keys so only the
maximum is shown above.
Due to the memory requirements, NewHope is not yet possible on AVR-based
Arduino systems.
\subsection crypto_performance_arm Performance on ARM
All figures are for the Arduino Due running at 84 MHz:
@ -208,5 +212,11 @@ All figures are for the Arduino Due running at 84 MHz:
<tr><td>P521::sign()</td><td align="right">1860ms</td><td colspan="3">Digital signature generation</td></tr>
<tr><td>P521::verify()</td><td align="right">3423ms</td><td colspan="3">Digital signature verification</td></tr>
<tr><td>P521::derivePublicKey()</td><td align="right">1503ms</td><td colspan="3">Derive a public key from a private key</td></tr>
<tr><td>NewHope::keygen(), Ref</td><td align="right">29ms</td><td colspan="3">Generate key pair for Alice, Ref version</td></tr>
<tr><td>NewHope::sharedb(), Ref</td><td align="right">40ms</td><td colspan="3">Generate shared secret and public key for Bob, Ref version</td></tr>
<tr><td>NewHope::shareda(), Ref</td><td align="right">9ms</td><td colspan="3">Generate shared secret for Alice, Ref version</td></tr>
<tr><td>NewHope::keygen(), Torref</td><td align="right">40ms</td><td colspan="3">Generate key pair for Alice, Torref version</td></tr>
<tr><td>NewHope::sharedb(), Torref</td><td align="right">52ms</td><td colspan="3">Generate shared secret and public key for Bob, Torref version</td></tr>
<tr><td>NewHope::shareda(), Torref</td><td align="right">9ms</td><td colspan="3">Generate shared secret for Alice, Torref version</td></tr>
</table>
*/

1
doc/mainpage.dox
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@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ realtime clock and the LCD library to implement an alarm clock.
\li Extendable output functions (XOF's): SHAKE128, SHAKE256
\li Message authenticators: Poly1305, GHASH, OMAC
\li Public key algorithms: Curve25519, Ed25519, P521
\li Post-quantum algorithms: NewHope
\li Random number generation: \link RNGClass RNG\endlink, TransistorNoiseSource, RingOscillatorNoiseSource
More information can be found on the \ref crypto "Cryptographic Library" page.

6
host/Crypto/Makefile
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@ -3,11 +3,14 @@
TOPDIR = ../..
SRCDIR = $(TOPDIR)/libraries/Crypto
SRCDIR2 = $(TOPDIR)/libraries/NewHope
#VPATH = $(SRCDIR)
vpath %.cpp $(SRCDIR)
vpath %.cpp $(SRCDIR2)
vpath %.o .
vpath %.ino $(SRCDIR)/examples
vpath %.ino $(SRCDIR2)/examples
vpath %.sketch .
LIBRARY = libCrypto.a
@ -15,6 +18,7 @@ LIBRARY = libCrypto.a
CPPFLAGS = \
-I$(TOPDIR)/host/emulation \
-I$(TOPDIR)/libraries/Crypto \
-I$(TOPDIR)/libraries/NewHope \
-DHOST_BUILD
CXXFLAGS = -g -Wall $(CPPFLAGS)
@ -44,6 +48,7 @@ SOURCES = \
GHASH.cpp \
Hash.cpp \
KeccakCore.cpp \
NewHope.cpp \
NoiseSource.cpp \
OFB.cpp \
OMAC.cpp \
@ -76,6 +81,7 @@ SKETCHES = \
TestEd25519/TestEd25519.ino \
TestGCM/TestGCM.ino \
TestGHASH/TestGHASH.ino \
TestNewHope/TestNewHope.ino \
TestOFB/TestOFB.ino \
TestP521/TestP521.ino \
TestP521Math/TestP521Math.ino \

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libraries/NewHope/NewHope.cpp Normal file
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72
libraries/NewHope/NewHope.h Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
/*
* Copyright (C) 2016 Southern Storm Software, Pty Ltd.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
* in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef CRYPTO_NEWHOPE_h
#define CRYPTO_NEWHOPE_h
#include <inttypes.h>
#define NEWHOPE_SENDABYTES 1824
#define NEWHOPE_SENDBBYTES 2048
#define NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES 32
class NewHope;
class NewHopePoly
{
public:
NewHopePoly();
~NewHopePoly();
void clear();
private:
uint16_t coeffs[1024];
friend class NewHope;
};
class NewHope
{
private:
NewHope() {}
~NewHope() {}
public:
enum Variant
{
Ref,
Torref
};
static void keygen(uint8_t send[NEWHOPE_SENDABYTES], NewHopePoly &sk,
Variant variant = Ref, const uint8_t *random_seed = 0);
static void sharedb(uint8_t shared_key[NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES],
uint8_t send[NEWHOPE_SENDBBYTES],
uint8_t received[NEWHOPE_SENDABYTES],
Variant variant = Ref, const uint8_t *random_seed = 0);
static void shareda(uint8_t shared_key[NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES],
const NewHopePoly &sk,
uint8_t received[NEWHOPE_SENDBBYTES]);
};
#endif

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libraries/NewHope/examples/TestNewHope/TestNewHope.ino Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
/*
* Copyright (C) 2016 Southern Storm Software, Pty Ltd.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
* in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
/*
This example runs tests on the NewHope class to verify correct behaviour.
*/
#include <Crypto.h>
#include <NewHope.h>
#include <RNG.h>
#include <string.h>
// Test vectors generated with the reference C version. Note: Only the
// first 32 bytes of the public keys are included because the full values
// are massive (1834 bytes for Alice, 2048 bytes for Bob).
struct TestVector
{
const char *name;
uint8_t alice_random[64];
uint8_t alice_public[32];
uint8_t bob_random[32];
uint8_t bob_public[32];
uint8_t shared_key[32];
};
static struct TestVector const testNewHope1 = { // "ref" variant
"New Hope #1",
{0x93, 0x4d, 0x60, 0xb3, 0x56, 0x24, 0xd7, 0x40,
0xb3, 0x0a, 0x7f, 0x22, 0x7a, 0xf2, 0xae, 0x7c,
0x67, 0x8e, 0x4e, 0x04, 0xe1, 0x3c, 0x5f, 0x50,
0x9e, 0xad, 0xe2, 0xb7, 0x9a, 0xea, 0x77, 0xe2,
0x3e, 0x2a, 0x2e, 0xa6, 0xc9, 0xc4, 0x76, 0xfc,
0x49, 0x37, 0xb0, 0x13, 0xc9, 0x93, 0xa7, 0x93,
0xd6, 0xc0, 0xab, 0x99, 0x60, 0x69, 0x5b, 0xa8,
0x38, 0xf6, 0x49, 0xda, 0x53, 0x9c, 0xa3, 0xd0},
{0xa8, 0x57, 0xf3, 0xc1, 0x2d, 0x1e, 0xa4, 0x3c,
0xcd, 0x04, 0xeb, 0xc9, 0xed, 0x8d, 0x78, 0x53,
0x69, 0xe4, 0x7e, 0x76, 0x32, 0x5a, 0xac, 0x77,
0x88, 0xdc, 0x74, 0x98, 0x67, 0x64, 0x52, 0xdb},
{0xba, 0xc5, 0xba, 0x88, 0x1d, 0xd3, 0x5c, 0x59,
0x71, 0x96, 0x70, 0x00, 0x46, 0x92, 0xd6, 0x75,
0xb8, 0x3c, 0x98, 0xdb, 0x6a, 0x0e, 0x55, 0x80,
0x0b, 0xaf, 0xeb, 0x7e, 0x70, 0x49, 0x1b, 0xf4},
{0x49, 0xa5, 0x74, 0x02, 0xd4, 0x29, 0x88, 0xe2,
0x98, 0x08, 0xf7, 0x86, 0x59, 0x89, 0xa0, 0x00,
0xfa, 0x3b, 0x6a, 0x5d, 0x4f, 0xe6, 0x00, 0x9c,
0x58, 0x49, 0x0d, 0xb2, 0xaf, 0x40, 0x03, 0x69},
{0x47, 0x25, 0xa8, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x73, 0xa2, 0xf8,
0x3f, 0x74, 0xfc, 0x1a, 0x8c, 0x29, 0x5e, 0x1a,
0x2e, 0x7f, 0x49, 0x71, 0x4e, 0x25, 0xd5, 0x0f,
0x9d, 0xc9, 0xa5, 0x35, 0x04, 0xc5, 0x55, 0x82}
};
static struct TestVector const testNewHope2 = { // "torref" variant
"New Hope #2",
{0x0f, 0xdb, 0xb1, 0x16, 0x9f, 0x78, 0x56, 0x69,
0xa4, 0x06, 0x10, 0x33, 0x36, 0xa4, 0xa1, 0xd9,
0x3f, 0xfa, 0x24, 0x26, 0x99, 0x70, 0xf5, 0x16,
0x01, 0xdb, 0x53, 0x38, 0xad, 0x82, 0xd4, 0x6d,
0xc7, 0x30, 0x0e, 0x2d, 0x89, 0x4b, 0x0e, 0xaa,
0x40, 0xa6, 0xab, 0x25, 0x45, 0x06, 0xd8, 0xc1,
0x17, 0x6a, 0x33, 0xc4, 0xa1, 0xb2, 0x87, 0x96,
0x04, 0xb1, 0xb8, 0x0d, 0xf4, 0x8d, 0x31, 0xdd},
{0xe5, 0x61, 0x8e, 0x97, 0xad, 0x1e, 0x54, 0x32,
0xa0, 0x3d, 0x28, 0xf1, 0xdd, 0xae, 0xd6, 0x43,
0x51, 0x9a, 0x09, 0xb8, 0x05, 0xfc, 0x21, 0xb1,
0x08, 0xcf, 0xe8, 0x4a, 0x82, 0x12, 0x10, 0xf0},
{0x0d, 0x39, 0x9d, 0xc9, 0x1d, 0x85, 0x30, 0xb7,
0x2c, 0x5d, 0x9a, 0x99, 0x20, 0xf3, 0x3b, 0x43,
0x33, 0x1b, 0x98, 0x3b, 0x95, 0x04, 0x7f, 0x96,
0xb5, 0xb0, 0x99, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x93, 0x55, 0xce},
{0x1e, 0x21, 0x5d, 0x83, 0x04, 0x59, 0x8e, 0xf2,
0x07, 0xd3, 0xc2, 0x51, 0xa2, 0x3b, 0x6b, 0xeb,
0x1c, 0xc4, 0x80, 0x74, 0x0c, 0xdb, 0xd4, 0xfc,
0xc5, 0x86, 0x7a, 0x8a, 0x9e, 0xaa, 0xfa, 0x22},
{0x5e, 0x29, 0x90, 0x76, 0xaf, 0x0f, 0xe2, 0x1b,
0xf8, 0x83, 0xfd, 0x1a, 0xee, 0xd8, 0xd4, 0x79,
0x62, 0x31, 0x0b, 0x6d, 0x46, 0x96, 0x50, 0xe8,
0x3c, 0xfb, 0x28, 0xcc, 0xda, 0xe6, 0x36, 0x0c}
};
NewHopePoly alice_private;
uint8_t alice_public[NEWHOPE_SENDABYTES];
uint8_t alice_shared[NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES];
uint8_t bob_public[NEWHOPE_SENDBBYTES];
uint8_t bob_shared[NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES];
void testNewHopePerf()
{
unsigned long start;
unsigned long elapsed;
Serial.print("keygen ... ");
start = micros();
NewHope::keygen(alice_public, alice_private);
elapsed = micros() - start;
Serial.print(elapsed);
Serial.println(" us");
Serial.print("sharedb ... ");
start = micros();
NewHope::sharedb(bob_shared, bob_public, alice_public);
elapsed = micros() - start;
Serial.print(elapsed);
Serial.println(" us");
Serial.print("shareda ... ");
start = micros();
NewHope::shareda(alice_shared, alice_private, bob_public);
elapsed = micros() - start;
Serial.print(elapsed);
Serial.println(" us");
if (!memcmp(alice_shared, bob_shared, NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES))
Serial.println("ok ... shared secrets match");
else
Serial.println("failed ... shared secrets do not match");
}
void testNewHopeTorPerf()
{
unsigned long start;
unsigned long elapsed;
Serial.print("torref keygen ... ");
start = micros();
NewHope::keygen(alice_public, alice_private, NewHope::Torref);
elapsed = micros() - start;
Serial.print(elapsed);
Serial.println(" us");
Serial.print("torref sharedb ... ");
start = micros();
NewHope::sharedb(bob_shared, bob_public, alice_public, NewHope::Torref);
elapsed = micros() - start;
Serial.print(elapsed);
Serial.println(" us");
Serial.print("torref shareda ... ");
start = micros();
NewHope::shareda(alice_shared, alice_private, bob_public);
elapsed = micros() - start;
Serial.print(elapsed);
Serial.println(" us");
if (!memcmp(alice_shared, bob_shared, NEWHOPE_SHAREDBYTES))
Serial.println("ok ... shared secrets match");
else
Serial.println("failed ... shared secrets do not match");
}
void testNewHopeVector(const struct TestVector *test, NewHope::Variant variant)
{
bool ok = true;
Serial.print(test->name);
Serial.print(" ... ");
NewHope::keygen(alice_public, alice_private, variant, test->alice_random);
if (memcmp(alice_public, test->alice_public, 32) != 0) {
Serial.print("alice public doesn't match ... ");
ok = false;
}
NewHope::sharedb(bob_shared, bob_public, alice_public, variant, test->bob_random);
if (memcmp(bob_public, test->bob_public, 32) != 0) {
Serial.print("bob public doesn't match ... ");
ok = false;
}
if (memcmp(bob_shared, test->shared_key, 32) != 0) {
Serial.print("bob shared doesn't match ... ");
ok = false;
}
NewHope::shareda(alice_shared, alice_private, bob_public);
if (memcmp(alice_shared, test->shared_key, 32) != 0) {
Serial.print("alice shared doesn't match ... ");
ok = false;
}
if (ok)
Serial.println("ok");
else
Serial.println("failed");
}
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
// Start the random number generator. We don't initialise a noise
// source here because we don't need one for testing purposes.
// Real applications should of course use a proper noise source.
RNG.begin("TestNewHope 1.0", 950);
// Perform the tests.
Serial.println();
testNewHopePerf();
Serial.println();
testNewHopeTorPerf();
Serial.println();
testNewHopeVector(&testNewHope1, NewHope::Ref);
testNewHopeVector(&testNewHope2, NewHope::Torref);
}
void loop()
{
}

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libraries/NewHope/keywords.txt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
NewHope KEYWORD1
NewHopePoly KEYWORD1
keygen KEYWORD2
sharedb KEYWORD2
shareda KEYWORD2